tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-69743023074129006902024-02-08T01:55:42.541-08:00Help write my essayEssay Topics For Pride And PrejudiceTruman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.comBlogger26125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-23660042377912553352020-09-03T03:20:00.001-07:002020-09-03T03:20:15.417-07:00ACT vs. TOEFL What to Know About Each TestACT versus TOEFL What to Know About Each Test SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips On the off chance that youââ¬â¢re a universal understudy or non-local English speaker applying to school in the United States, at that point this guide is for you! To get into school, youââ¬â¢ll likely need to take two confirmations tests: the TOEFL and the ACT. This guide is explicitly intended for understudies keen on taking the TOEFL and ACT (on the off chance that youââ¬â¢re taking the SAT, at that point look at this guide!). Peruse on to realize what universities require, how the TOEFL and ACT look at, and what you can do to get ready for both. What Tests Do Colleges Require? U.S. schools require two tests for affirmation from non-local English speakers. One is the TOEFL, which exhibits your English language abilities. The other is the ACT, which shows your thinking and critical thinking aptitudes. Itââ¬â¢s critical to take note of that you generally have choices. Rather than the TOEFL, you could take the IELTS, and rather than the ACT, you could take the SAT. This guide, as referenced above, is centered around the TOEFL and ACT. Universities differ in their approaches, and some will forgo the TOEFL if youââ¬â¢ve taken English classes all through secondary school or accomplished a specific score on the English and Reading areas of the ACT. Before you step through any pointless examinations, ensure you comprehend school necessities. Peruse on for counsel on where to discover affirmation test necessities. Step by step instructions to Find Collegesââ¬â¢ Testing Requirements On the off chance that youââ¬â¢re a non-local English speaker applying to school, odds are that youââ¬â¢ll take both the TOEFL and the ACT. Schools change in their approaches, however, so you ought to do your exploration before enrolling for any tests. Commonly, youââ¬â¢ll discover the data you need on the confirmations area of a collegeââ¬â¢s official site. All the more explicitly, you ought to go to the area for global candidates. Regardless of whether youââ¬â¢re a U.S. resident, this universal candidate segment is typically where schools advertise their TOEFL strategies. To give you one model, letââ¬â¢s state you go to Boston Universityââ¬â¢s page for ââ¬Å"Freshman Applicants - International.â⬠There youââ¬â¢ll discover this message: ââ¬Å"BU requires the SAT or ACT with composing. The TOEFL or IELTS is likewise required if your first language or the essential language spoken in your house isn't English.â⬠On BUââ¬â¢s site, you see that youââ¬â¢ll need to take both the ACT and the TOEFL. On the off chance that you go to a collegeââ¬â¢s site and canââ¬â¢t discover these subtleties, you should contact the confirmations office by means of telephone or email. Regardless of whether youââ¬â¢re investigating a collegeââ¬â¢s site or conversing with its affirmations office straightforwardly, you ought to askthree primary inquiries. 1. Which Tests Are Required? To begin with, you have to explore the confirmations testing necessities of your school. What tests would they like to see from non-local English speakers? Do they require the ACT, or would they say they are a test-discretionary or test-adaptable school that will let you send AP scores? Donââ¬â¢t accept that all universities are the equivalent. They may all have various arrangements! Check the prerequisites of every school that youââ¬â¢re keen on independently. 2. DoYouRequire a Minimum TOEFL Score? Numerous schools require a base TOEFL score from candidates. ATOEFL cutoff is a fundamental snippet of data. Regardless of whether the remainder of your applicationââ¬â¢s incredible, it wonââ¬â¢t matter in the event that you donââ¬â¢t have the essential TOEFL score. To give a couple of models, Northeastern and UMass Boston need to see at any rate a 79 to 80 on the TOEFL iBT. Progressively specific schools, as NYU, American University, and Harvard, need to see at any rate 100. As you research schools of intrigue, see whether they post a TOEFL cutoff, again by visiting the site or calling up the affirmations office. At that point set your objective TOEFL score in any event ten focuses higher than the base to introduce yourself as a serious up-and-comer. 3. Will You Waive the TOEFL If I Get High VerbalScores on the ACT? At long last, the last snippet of data you should look for is whether there are any conditions when a school defers its TOEFL necessity. There are a few schools that will think about a high score on the ACT English and Reading segments adequate proof of your English language abilities. Since these segments test your understanding appreciation and language structure abilities, they can some of the time go about as a substitute for TOEFL scores. Columbia, for instance, will forgo the TOEFL prerequisite in the event that you score a 29 on the verbal segments of the ACT. Johns Hopkins takes out its TOEFL necessity on the off chance that you score a 30 on ACT English and Reading. You may see that a few schools plug a SAT least, yet not an ACT least according to the TOEFL. This doesnââ¬â¢t essentially imply that they wonââ¬â¢t forgo the TOEFL with a specific ACT score; it just mirrors the way that the SAT was an increasingly famous test with global candidates in past years (and that universities donââ¬â¢t update their sites frequently enough!). In the event that you see that a school of intrigue posted a SAT cutoff however not an ACT one, unquestionably call the affirmations office to get some information about this. Since schools acknowledge the SAT and ACT similarly, they ought to have a comparative arrangement for the two tests. Once youââ¬â¢ve made sense of the considerable number of answers to these inquiries (regardless of whether a school requires the TOEFL, on the off chance that it requires a base score, and on the off chance that it postpones the TOEFL on account of high ACT verbal scores), at that point you can proceed to design your test dates and prep plan. Peruse on to become familiar with the two confirmations tests, beginning with the TOEFL. Toss on your thinkingcap. It's an ideal opportunity to find out about the two tests. TOEFL and ACT: Learn About Both Tests In the event that youââ¬â¢re taking the TOEFL and ACT to apply to school, at that point your initial phase in planning ought to find out about the two tests. Beneath youââ¬â¢ll discover an outline of each regarding its structure and abilities tried. While the two tests have some cover, theyââ¬â¢re to a great extent special tests that require their own individual methodology. Letââ¬â¢s start with the TOEFL and go over its structure and substance, alongside tips onhow to get ready. TOEFL: Structure, Content, and Prep The TOEFL is a trial of your English language aptitudes. Most understudies will take the TOEFL iBT, or web based test, on the PC. The score go for the TOEFL iBT is from 0 to 120. A couple of nations offer it on paper. The TOEFL PBT, or paper-based test, has a score run from 310 to 677. Despite the test type, it will contain four principle areas: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing. The following is the full structure of the test. TOEFL Structure The TOEFL tests the four primary ability regions of English language: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing, in a specific order. The length of the initial two areas, Reading and Listening, really fluctuates relying upon whether you get extra test questions. These additional inquiries wonââ¬â¢t be scored, yet you wonââ¬â¢t know which ones they are, so youââ¬â¢ll need to treat each address similarly. This outline shows the length of the TOEFL segments, alongside a short depiction of the assignments in each. Request Segment Time Limit Questions Assignments 1 Perusing 60ââ¬80 minutes 36ââ¬56 inquiries Understand 3 or 4 entries from scholarly messages and answer questions. 2 Tuning in 60ââ¬90 minutes 34ââ¬51 inquiries Tune in to addresses, homeroom conversations and discussions, at that point answer questions. Break 10 minutes - - 3 Talking 20 minutes 6 undertakings Express a feeling on a recognizable point; talk dependent on perusing and listening undertakings. 4 Composing 50 minutes 2 undertakings Compose exposition reactions dependent on perusing and listening errands; bolster a supposition recorded as a hard copy. Complete: 3 hours, 20 min - 4 hours, 10 min (break included) Each segment is scored somewhere in the range of 0 and 30 focuses. Your complete score is the total of your area scores, so the greatest conceivable score is 120. While the outline has a short portrayal of errands in each area, letââ¬â¢s investigate the substance in each, alongside a couple of legitimate example questions! TOEFL Content As you read over, the TOEFL tests your English language across four primary ability regions. Youââ¬â¢ll locate that a few segments incorporate more than one expertise. For example, the Speaking area includes a perusing and a listening task. Letââ¬â¢s dive into each segment in a similar request that they show up on the test, beginning with Reading. TOEFL Reading The Reading segment of the TOEFL highlights three to four short entries, the greater part of which are taken from school level course readings. The entries might be descriptive, contention based, or chronicled; you wonââ¬â¢t locate any anecdotal composition. Every entry is trailed by inquiries concerning components like the central matter, key subtleties, connections among thoughts, and jargon. The inquiries fall into three sorts: different decision, sentence inclusions, and Reading to Learn questions. The different decision will in general be direct perusing perception questions, about you about the significance of a section or subtleties or jargon words inside it. Here are two models that allude to a previous section (not envisioned here). The primary model inquiry pose about a jargon word, while the second requests that you make a surmising. The word ââ¬Å"perspectiveâ⬠on line 46 is nearest in importance to feeling of qualities perspective computation inconvenience Which of the accompanying can be gathered from passage 3 about the area of the shooting star sway in Mexico? The area of the effect site in Mexico was left well enough alone by geologists from 1980 to 1990. It was a verifiable truth that the effect had happened in the Yucatn district. Geologists realized that there had been an effect before they knew where it had happened. The Yucatn regi Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-89858807057161902412020-08-22T17:59:00.001-07:002020-08-22T17:59:32.033-07:00Unlawful Justice Essay Example for FreeUnlawful Justice Essay Numerous individuals have contradictions on capital punishment. My sentiment on this contention is that we ought to cancel capital punishment from our criminal discipline framework. As somebody once said two wrongs don't make a privilege and I imagine that he is correct. It isn't doing equity murdering someone else in light of the fact that that individual executed somebody. My companion says this If the individual didnt intend to slaughter them they should live at the same time, in the event that they needed to kill them, at that point they ought to die(Holeman). The greater part of the nations on the planet have annulled the death penalty from law or practice. A portion of these nations that have annulled it, to us are viewed as underdeveloped nations. Is it true that we are any better than these underdeveloped nations in the event that we despite everything utilize capital punishment and they dont? An aggregate of 109 nations have nullified capital punishment. 749 detainees have been executed since the death penalty was continued in 1977. Practically all the states in the U.S. utilize the deadly infusion in the event that they even have capital punishment. Electric shock that used to be broadly utilized is currently the second generally utilized. Not many states utilize the gas chamber, hanging, and terminating crew and the greater part of the states have deadly infusion as an optional. The vast majority consider the to be infusion as the most accommodating yet; every one of them are truly awful passings to bite the dust. On January first 2001 there were around 3,700 prisoners waiting for capital punishment. The normal expense to look for capital punishment is $218,112 and that is added to the absolute expense of the case. U.S. is the pioneer in slaughtering kids around the world. We have condemned 160 kids to death since 1973. There isn't generally an official age at which you can condemn a kid to capital punishment. Mississippi looked for capital punishment in 1996 for children of the age of 13. Most children sent to death row are shaded and details show that two out of three children sent to death row are offspring of shading. Likewise, practically 90% of individuals putâ to passing for carrying out a wrongdoing were sentenced for killing whites yet, about portion of all manslaughter casualties in the U.S. are hued. It is so awful in Maryland that on the off chance that you kill a white individual you are multiple times bound to get capital punishment than if you murder a minority individual. Around 90 % of the individuals that the U.S. Government examiners attempted and execute are Black or Latino. Numerous individuals that look for capital punishment just need it for individuals that are not white. Another serious issue with the framework is that regardless of whether you are blameless you have a high possibility of being put waiting for capital punishment. Around 23 honest individuals have been condemned to death row and have been executed for violations they didn't submit this century. In excess of 69 individuals have been discharged from death row since 1972 for being wrongly sentenced. That is more than one blameless individual for each 100 convicts waiting for capital punishment. One case of mixed up blame was of Robert Nelson Drew who was executed significantly after another man admitted to the homicide. A couple of nations other than the U.S. show that we dont execute individuals that terrible. Go live in Afghanistan they will batter you to the point of death or perhaps go to Sudan where you can be stoned or killed and different nations even decapitate you. Another awful thing about capital punishment is that in Florida every one of the states executions cost $3.2 million and life inprison just expense $600,000. Spending our citizens cash on capital punishment detracts from progressively significant stuff for instance examining drug wrongdoings, aggressive behavior at home, and kid misuse. In the event that we didn't have capital punishment we could have better instruction and restoration. Around five years back numerous Americans intensely upheld capital punishment and around 80% of Americans supported executing sentenced murders. As per the surveys now it is at 66 percent that is a significant drop. In ten or twenty years will we even have capital punishment? Presently just because for quite a while people can discuss whether we ought to have capital punishment or not.à Governor George Ryan of Illinois fired up the train to discuss capital punishment and makes them move. Numerous states in the U.S. are investigating capital punishment in their state. During the 1990s capital punishment was the primary concern to do to get intense on wrongdoing development. During the 90s capital punishment has seen the hardest increment in death line prisoners. With President Clinton in office he extended the government capital punishment to extra 60 additional violations. Presently I reach my decision numerous individuals have contradictions on capital punishment however no one will adjust my perspective. On the off chance that you take a gander at the realities capital punishment has some significant wreckage ups. No one will be ready to address those completely what's more, the best way to stop the chaos ups is to nullify capital punishment. Numerous honest individuals are executed and a great deal of members of the jury are supremacist and judge the wrongdoing ineffectively. Practically 50% of the nations on the planet have nullified it why shouldnt we. Consider the possibility that you were wrongly blamed for perpetrating a wrongdoing and were executed would equity have been served I think not. Do you see why it ought to be nullified? Perhaps sometime you will walk against capital punishment regardless of whether you dont simply kindly don't bolster it. Much obliged to you for your time and I trust you took in a great deal about capital punishment. Works Cited www.web.amnesty.org 2 April 2002 www.agitator.com 2 April 2002 www.abcnews.go.com 2 April 2002 www.derechos.org/dp/2 April 2002 www.uscourts.gov 2 April 2002 www.ncadp.org 2 April 2002 www.amnesty-usa.org 2 April 2002 www.alternet.org 2 April 2002 www.prodeathpenalty.com 8 March 2002 Pence, Alex. Capital punishment. Report by Alex Pence. 2001 Holeman, Spencer. Meeting. 4 April 2002 Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-42537749907616477922020-08-21T15:41:00.001-07:002020-08-21T15:41:32.544-07:00Water security among Egypt ,Ethiopia and Sudan- subject is EssayWater security among Egypt ,Ethiopia and Sudan-subject is universal connection - Essay Example 98). The stream starts from fundamentally two nations. The White Nile from Burundi joins the Blue Nile from Ethiopia to shape the Nile Basin. The Nile Basin is the significant wellspring of water for this area providing ten nations with water. Egypt is the customary client of the water and has practically elite rights for removing water from the River Nile. In spite of the fact that a non-contributing nation, Egypt profits by a two-sided 1959 understanding that gives it the biggest portion in the use of River Nileââ¬â¢s Water. Sudan, another noncontributing nation, gets the second biggest portion of the riverââ¬â¢s assets. Different countries particularly, the contributing ones have, for quite a while, endured water shortage because of the inconsistent dispersion of this water. This has made ill will between neighboring nations and was a wellspring of contention among the nations in this area. Nations upstream have, in late time, thought about controlling the utilization of the water (Adar, 2011, pp. 73). Some have, for instance, constructed huge dams and channels to limit their waters. This issue has been a signific ant concern which the UN records as one of the most pressing policy driven issues. Watershed nations in the Nile Basin have understood that a move from the ebb and flow state must be filled by an increasingly impartial sharing of the Nile water. This inclination to abuse more water has been occasioned by the craving to accomplish financial turn of events. Ethiopia, for instance, has started hydroelectric force extends along the riverââ¬â¢s stream. Regardless of these endeavors, be that as it may, monetary advancement has not been accomplished in numerous nations. The vast majority of the nations in the locale have long uncertain questions that obstruct the financial success of the individuals (Jacobs, 2012, pp. 37). Common wars, starvations, conflict, and interior and provincial dissension have been the request for the day in these nations. The incongruities in the provincial understanding Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-62772321628782223622020-06-08T01:45:00.001-07:002020-06-08T01:45:03.181-07:00The Best Scholarships in Nevada ââ¬â¹Heading to college is an exciting time in lifeââ¬â¢s journey. It marks a milestone in the transition of being a teenager to an adult ready for the real world. The college application process can be a daunting one. There was a 3.7 percent increase in the cost of private school education and a 2.9 percent increase at public universities in the 2014-2015 school year according to The College Board. With the cost of college rising each year exponentially, paying for your college education presents more of a challenge. Here are some scholarships tailored specifically for those from the great state of Nevada or who are attending schools in the state. 1.Daniel Scafidi Greater Nevada Athlete Award This scholarship is available to students from Washoe, Nevada, who participate in athletics. Candidates are required to have a minimum 3.2-grade point average and demonstrate strength of character and commitment to teamwork. Applications are due on February 28th.Value of Scholarship: $1,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: One (non-renewable)Eligible applicants: High school seniors from Washoe, NevadaYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Daniel Scafidi Greater Nevada Athlete Award here. 2.Arnold/Jones/Evan Scholarship This scholarship is available to children of active or retired members of any local union affiliated with the Nevada State AFL-CIO. To apply, candidates must submit a minimum 1,000-word essay on the topic provided with the application. The essay along with high school transcripts and a statement of career goals should be included in the application. This yearââ¬â¢s deadline is August 1, 2016.Value of Scholarship: $3,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: ThreeEligible Applicants: High school seniorsYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Arnold/Jones/Evan Scholarship here. 3.Jo Marshall Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is available to female residents of Nevada, who are registered Republicans. Candidates must be sponsored by Nevada Federation of Republican Women (NvrFRW) Club and have their application signed by the President and First Vice President of the sponsoring organization. The application should include transcripts, two letters or recommendation, and a biographical essay which describes a significant achievement of the applicant. This yearââ¬â¢s deadline is September 1, 2016.Value of Scholarship: $1,000 ($500)Number of Scholarships Awarded: Five. Two first place awards of $1,000. One $500 award for a student from Northern Nevada. One $500 award for a student from Southern Nevada. One $500 award for a student from any part of Nevada. Awards are non-renewable.Eligible Applicants: Degree seeking students in the Junior or Senior year at a Nevada UniversityYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Jo Marshall Memorial Scholarship here. 4.Horatio Alger Nevada Scholarship Program This scholarship is available to residents of the state of Nevada, who have displayed exceptional perseverance in overcoming adversity. To be eligible, candidates must demonstrate a critical financial need and involvement in co-curricular and community service activities. This yearââ¬â¢s application deadline was June 1, 2016. However, additional requests will be reviewed after a July 1 and August 1st deadline.Value of Scholarship: $35,000 (Paid in five installments of $7,000 each)Number of Scholarships Awarded: SixEligible Applicants: High school seniors pursuing degrees at accredited non-profit public and private institutions.You can learn more about theHoratio Alger Nevada Scholarship Program here. 5.Governor Guinn Millennium Scholarship This scholarship is available to those enrolled in a course of study which will lead to licensure in elementary or secondary education and who are committed to teaching in Nevada upon graduation. Students must have a minimum 3.5-grade point average on a 4.0 scale. Applications are due on April 1st of each year.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: Two (one from Northern Nevada and one from Southern Nevada)Eligible Applicants: Rising college seniors (or those in their final year of their college program)You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Governor Guinn Millennium Scholarship here. 6.Fit for College Great Books Scholarship This scholarship is available to students who graduated from a high school in the state of Nevada or maintain residency in the state. Students must be pursuing a program which studies the Great books. The deadline to apply for this scholarship is in March.Value of Scholarship: $1,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: OneEligible Applicants: Students ages 16 ââ¬â 25 who graduated from a Nevada state high school or who maintain residency in the state.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Fit for College Great Books Scholarship here. 7.University of Nevada-Las Vegas - Hughes Valedictorian Scholarship This scholarship is available for students who graduated valedictorian from an accredited Nevada high school. This renewable award requires applicants to score a minimum 27 on the ACT and 1210 on the SAT exam. Applications are submitted via the financial aid process for the school and are due February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $2,500Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Valedictorians of accredited Nevada high schoolsYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹University of Nevada-Las Vegas - Hughes Valedictorian Scholarship here. 8.Susanann Sky Holmes Scholarship Award This scholarship is available for undergraduate or graduate students attending the University of Nevada-Las Vegas, majoring in Urban, Outdoor, Therapeutic, or Commercial Recreation. Applicants must be members of Nevada Recreation and Parks Society with a minimum 3.0 GPA. Applications are submitted via the application process for the school and are due February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $750Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Undergraduate and graduate students attending the University of Nevada-Las Vegas in specified majors.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Susanann Sky Holmes Scholarship Award here. 9.Phyllis Frias Science Scholarship This scholarship is available to University of Nevada-Las Vegas students pursuing a degree in science. Applications are submitted via the application process for the school and are due February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $2,500Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Hispanic students entering their freshman year at the University of Nevada-Las Vegas.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Phyllis Frias Science Scholarship here. 10.Bluecoats, Inc. Scholarship This scholarship is available to dependents of active or retired Clark County, NV firefighters, police officers, or highway patrol members. Applications are submitted via the application process for the school and are due February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $2,500 (Renewable)Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Undergraduate studentsââ¬â¹You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Bluecoats, Inc. Scholarship here. 11.Graham Erskine Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is available to residents of certain Nevada counties who are enrolled in a five or six-year professional degree at a National Architectural Accrediting Board (NAAB) School of Architecture. Candidates should be prepared to include a budget along with their application package. The deadline for submitting applications is May 5th.ââ¬â¹Value of Scholarship: $2,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Residents of the following Nevada counties:Washoe, Storey, Douglas, Churchill, Elko, Lyon, Pershing, Humboldt, Lander, Eureka, White Plane, and Mineral. Residents of Carson City, Nevada may also apply.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Graham Erskine Memorial Scholarship here. 12.Graham Erskine Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is available to residents of certain Nevada counties who are enrolled in a five or six-year professional degree at Truckee Meadows Community College (TMCC) Department of Architecture. Applicants should be prepared to include a budget along with their application package. The deadline for submitting applications is April 1st.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Residents of certain counties in the state of Nevada. The eligible counties are as follows: Washoe, Storey, Douglas, Churchill, Elko, Lyon, Pershing, Humboldt, Lander, Eureka, White Plane, and Mineral. Residents of Carson City, Nevada may also apply. The application deadline is May 5thYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Graham Erskine Memorial Scholarship here. 13.Endowed Fund Scholarship This scholarship is available for undergraduate students enrolled in the William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration who intend to join the hospitality industry of Southern Nevada.This scholarship is also available for prospective and continuing students at the University of Nevada - Las Angeles. Applications are submitted via the application process of the school. The current student deadline is March 31st, while the deadline for prospects is February 1st.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Undergraduate students at the University of Nevada ââ¬â Las Vegas who are enrolled in the William F. Harrah College of Hotel AdministrationYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Endowed Fund Scholarship here. 14.Earl and Hazel Wilson Scholarship This scholarship is available for first-generation college freshmen attending the University of Nevada-Las Vegas. This need-based scholarship requires candidates to have a GPA between 2.8 and 3.7 on a 4.0 scale. Students must demonstrate financial need. Applications are submitted via the application process of the school. The current deadline is February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $2,500Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Freshmen entering the University of Nevada-Las Vegas on a full-time basis.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Earl and Hazel Wilson Scholarship here. 15.Kenneth M. Devos Scholarship This scholarship is available for undergraduate students attending the University of Nevada-Las Vegas who are minorities. Applications are submitted via the application process of the school. The current deadline is February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $2,500Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Minority undergraduate students attending the University of Nevada-Las VegasYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Kenneth M. Devos Scholarship here. 16.Marie B. Woodrich Scholarship This scholarship is available for students who attend the University of Nevada - Las Vegas with a minimum GPA of 3.0. Applications are submitted via the application process of the school. The current deadline is February 1st.Value of Scholarship: $2,500Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: This renewable scholarship is available to students entering their freshman year at the University of Nevada ââ¬â Las Vegas.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Marie B. Woodrich Scholarship here. 17.Presidentââ¬â¢s Scholar Award This scholarship is available for students who will attend the University of Nevada-Reno. This 4-year scholarship is awarded from a pool of candidates who have a minimum 3.5-grade point average, score a minimum 31 on the ACT (or SAT equivalent) and meet certain admission requirements into MyNevada including paying the $250 admission fee before June 1.It is important to note that for test results to qualify, they must be reported before February 1.Value of Scholarship: $20,000 ($5,000 per year for four years)Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Students entering their freshman year at the University of Nevada-Reno.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Presidentââ¬â¢s Scholar Award here. 18.Station Casinos Scholarship This scholarship is available for undergraduate students who are dependents of Station Casinosââ¬â¢ employees attending the University of Las-Vegas Nevada. Candidates must have a minimum 3.0-grade point average on a 4.0 scale and be enrolled in school full time. Applications are submitted via the application process of the school. The current deadline is February 1.Value of scholarship: $2,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: 5Eligible Applicants: Dependents of Stationââ¬â¢s Casino employees entering their freshman year of college.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Station Casinos Scholarship here. 19.Nevada Energy Powerful Partners Scholarship This scholarship is available to students located in NV Energyââ¬â¢s service territory. Eligible candidates must have completed at least 20 hours of community service in the prior year and have a minimum 3.0-grade point average on a 4.0 scale. Candidates should be prepared to submit an essay on the importance of community service and provide a resume highlighting their community service efforts. The deadline for submitting applications is March 15th.Value of Scholarship: $1,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Students who are entering their freshman year of college.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Nevada Energy Powerful Partners Scholarship here. 20.Eugene and Nadine Stegelmeyer Scholarship This scholarship is available to students from Washoe County High school who are interested in pursuing a post-graduate degree in teaching or geriatric. Candidates will be required to include an essay with their application highlighting why they are interested in teaching or geriatrics. The deadline for submitting applications is March 1st.Value of Scholarship: Up to $500Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Graduates of Washoe County, high schoolYou can learn more about theEugene and Nadine Stegelmeyer Scholarship here. 21.Claudine Williams Harrahââ¬â¢s Las Vegas Employment Scholarship This scholarship is available to students who are dependents of a full-time employee of Harrahââ¬â¢s Casino in Las Vegas. Employees must have three years of tenure at the time the application is submitted. The deadline for submitting applications is March 1st.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: OneEligible Applicants: College Freshmen, College Sophomores, College Juniors, College SeniorsYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Claudine Williams Harrahââ¬â¢s Las Vegas Employment Scholarship here. 22.Zonta Club of Reno Re-Entry Scholarship This scholarship is available to female students of Truckee Meadows Community College, who are enrolled in the schoolââ¬â¢s re-entry center. Candidates who are studying in non-traditional career fields are given preference. The deadline for this scholarship application is February 28.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: OneEligible Applicants: Female students enrolled in Truckee Meadows Community College re-entry center.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Zonta Club of Reno Re-Entry Scholarship here. 23.Zonta Club of Greater Reno Young Women in Public Service Award This scholarship is available to female applicants ages 16-19 who are active in community service. Candidates should have experience in local or student government and be able to demonstrate volunteer leadership experience. The application deadline for this scholarship is February 28th.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: OneEligible Applicants: Female applicants who are active in community serviceYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Zonta Club of Greater Reno Young Women in Public Service Award here. 24.Peggy Bowker Memorial Scholarship for Women in Engineering This scholarship is available for female students of the University of Nevada-Reno pursuing a degree in Engineering. The deadline for submitting applications is March 1st.Value of Scholarship: VariesNumber of Scholarships Awarded: OneEligible Applicants: Female students pursuing a degree in Engineering at the University of Nevada-RenoYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Peggy Bowker Memorial Scholarship for Women in Engineering here. 25.Orville Belding Memorial Scholarship This scholarship is available to residents of Washoe, Nevada. Candidates must have been born and raised in Nevada with a minimum ACT score of 20 or SAT score of 1500. Candidates must intend to participate in college-level athletics. The application deadline for this scholarship is February 28.Value of Scholarship: $1,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: High school seniors entering their freshman year of college.You can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Orville Belding Memorial Scholarship here. 26.John R. Stockman Scholarship This scholarship is available to students who reside in certain Nevada counties.Candidates must have a minimum 3.2-grade point average on a 4.0 scale. Additionally, applicants are required to have a minimum 22 ACT score or 1200 on the SAT. The deadline for submitting applications is April 30th.Value of Scholarship: $5,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible applicants: Applicants who are residents of the following Nevada cities and counties:Carson City, Nevada; Churchill, Nevada; Douglas, Nevada; Lyon, Nevada; Storey, Nevada; Washoe, NevadaYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹John R. Stockman Scholarship here. 27.Phil and Jennifer Satre Harrahââ¬â¢s Entertainment ScholarshipAdd Media This scholarship is available to students who have a family member who has been an employee of Caesars Entertainment Property for a minimum of three years and an employee ranking no greater than L14. Eligible candidates must have a minimum 3.2-grade point average on a 4.0 scale. Applicants must have a minimum 24 ACT score or 1500 combined SAT score.Value of Scholarship: $5,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: 1Eligible Applicants: High school students with a family member who is an employee of Caesars Entertainment PropertyYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Phil and Jennifer Satre Harrahââ¬â¢s Entertainment Scholarship here. 28.Ron and Linda Smith Family ScholarshipAdd Media Available to degree ââ¬â seeking students attending Truckee Meadows Community College, Western Nevada College, or Great Basin College.Value of Scholarship: $1,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Students attending specified colleges in the state of NevadaYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Ron and Linda Smith Family Scholarship here. 29.Otto Huth Scholarship This scholarship is available to candidates who have aged out of the foster-care system. Applicants must have a minimum 2.0-grade point average and plan to attend school full-time at a Nevada school. Candidates must apply before their 20th birthday and be enrolled within 12 months of receiving the scholarship. Applicants should be prepared to provide two essays in addition to two letters of recommendation. The deadline for submitting applications is April 15th.Value of Scholarship: up to $40,000 cumulative over the life of the scholarship (students can re-apply for up to five years)Number of Scholarships: VariesEligible Applicants: Candidates who have aged out of the foster-care system.ââ¬â¹You can learn more about theOtto Huth Scholarship here. 30.Nevada Chapter - Michael Koizumi APWA Scholarship This scholarship is available to degree-seeking students pursuing careers in the fields of public works, public administration, or related private enterprises (i.e., business architecture, science, etc.) Students must present a financial need and meet academic requirements as outlined by the program. The deadline to submit applications is April 28th.Value of Scholarship: $1,500Number of Scholarships Awarded: 2Eligible Applicants: Nevada residents who graduated from a Nevada high school.You can learn more about theââ¬â¹Nevada Chapter - Michael Koizumi APWA Scholarship here. 31.Nevada Womenââ¬â¢s Fund Scholarships This scholarship is available to female residents of northern Nevada. Preference is given to those attending an institution in Northern Nevada. Students must have a 3.0 cumulative grade point average and take at least six credits per semester.Value of Scholarship: From $500 to $5,000Number of Scholarships Awarded: VariesEligible Applicants: Female residents in Northern NevadaYou can learn more about the ââ¬â¹Nevada Womenââ¬â¢s Fund Scholarships here. ââ¬â¹We've worked hard to include a variety of scholarship opportunities within our list. If you have any suggestions on additional scholarships, please feel free to leave them in the comments section. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-91261996599952414262020-05-17T09:03:00.001-07:002020-05-17T09:03:15.455-07:00Analysis Of The Movie See You Again - 974 Words ââ¬Å"See You Againâ⬠Friends are one of the most important part of person s lives. They are the people which I can rely on. Weââ¬â¢ve played and laughed together when we were in school. Middle school and high school are the most joyful time in my childhood. And time passed away quickly, the best group of friends separated all over the world. Sometimes, I really want to go back in time and see them again. However, life wouldnââ¬â¢t let me do so. There is one song that can express my feeling right now. It was ââ¬Å"See you Againâ⬠by Wiz Khalifa. This song reminds me some of my happiest time in my life with my friends. The song ââ¬Å"See you Againâ⬠is from the movie ââ¬Å"fast and Furious 7â⬠, the theme of the movie also want to express the important of friendships. I can see why they chose this song. Because the movie shows the protagonist can do everything for his friends without hesitation. The rap part of the song ââ¬Å"I know we loved to hit the road and laugh. But something told me that it wouldnââ¬â¢t last,â⬠hit right through in my feeling. The lyric simply means that there are limit between friendships. It wouldnââ¬â¢t be last forever. Time will eventually weaken it and ends it. Most of the time, I didnââ¬â¢t realized that people around me might left me in some day. I donââ¬â¢t really keep lots of the memories in my mind. Because I knew I can see them again Tomorrow. Sometimes, I felt happiness was inside my heart when we get around together. The happiest moments with them will always cheer me up when they flash upShow MoreRelatedEssay Arundel Partners Guidel ines922 Words à |à 4 Pagescase, a movie industry analyst is asked to evaluate a proposed venture in which a group of partners would purchase the sequel rights to movies produced by the major studios. Your objective is to 1) discuss and evaluate the basic concept; 2) determine the value of the sequel rights on a per-movie basis; 3) evaluate the possible upside and potential drawbacks to the proposed plan. As you will see, the ideas here incorporate elements of capital budgeting coupled with a ââ¬Å"real optionsâ⬠analysis. Read MoreScene Analysis of The Green Mile Essay720 Words à |à 3 Pagesvery large black man that was accused of rape and murder of two little girls, and in the 1930ââ¬â¢s having charges like that brought upon you was grounds for the death penalty, especially for a black man in the south. Through the movie we see that although large in nature, John is quite a softie at heart and is even afraid of sleeping in the dark. As the audience we also see that John has a special talent of being able to bring living things back to life if they have passed away or are plagued with an incurableRead MoreEssay on Educating Rita - Comparing the Movie and Play963 Words à |à 4 PagesEducating Rita - Comparing the Movie and Play à à The play Educating Rita by Willy Russell gained great popularity especially during the early eighties. There has also been a movie made from it starring Julie Walters and the more famous Michael Caine. As so often the case, the movie was more elaborate with additional scenes, some of which were spoken of or retold by the actors in the play. The movie also included several actors while the play only featured two, Frank and Rita. à à à Read MoreWishful Thinking Meets Reality : Rhetorical Analysis964 Words à |à 4 PagesWishful Thinking Meets Reality: Rhetorical Analysis Everyone can relate to a time in their life when they desired a ââ¬Å"picture-perfectâ⬠life with lots of friends and all the material things they could wish for themselves. However, they realize that maybe the ââ¬Å"picture-perfectâ⬠life isnââ¬â¢t what they expected once it becomes reality. In the films Freaky Friday and 13 Going on 30, the audience follows the lives of the protagonists as they face their wishes to have a ââ¬Å"better lifeâ⬠. Throughout theRead MoreEssay about Social-Psychological Principles of the Movie Unforgiven1333 Words à |à 6 Pagesthe Movie Unforgiven Florida Institute of Technology Most movies have different social-psychological principles, however most people are watching movies to be entertained, and not to psychologically analyze them. There are many different principles that would be applicable to the film we are discussing however, I have chosen to analyze three scenes discussing altruism, self-fulfilling prophecy, and counterfactual thinking. Please review the following scenes and analysis from the movie Unforgiven: Read MoreScarface Analysis Essay1065 Words à |à 5 PagesScarface Analysis Essay The gangster movie genre is one of the most popular among the modern movies and some of the best film directors have produced some very excellent gangster movies. For my first film analysis, I decided to analyze my favorite gangster movie of all time. The movie that I analyzed is called ââ¬Å"Scarfaceâ⬠and is directed by Brian De Palma. It was released in 1983 and is still a super hit movie today. Let me go through a short summary of the movie. The movie is focusedRead MoreCrash1243 Words à |à 5 PagesCrash Movie Analysis Anjelica McCartney HUM/150 January 18, 2016 Victor Armenta Crash Movie Analysis Discrimination, racism, classism, prejudice and more plague todayââ¬â¢s society. These horrible issues do not affect one race, sexes, class, ethnicity, or age group; these issues affect all races, both genders, all ethnicities, and all age groups. For this film analysis, I have chosen to discuss the racism portrayed throughout a three-time Oscar award winning movie called Crash. Summary PaulRead MoreA Cost Of Digging Rabbit Holes For Time Or Money1430 Words à |à 6 PagesA Cost of Digging Rabbit Holes for Time or Money Or a Breath from the Dark Side of the Moon A consciousness analysis of the concept elements of time, money and madness within Pink Floydââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Speak to me/Breatheâ⬠song as well as lyrics, released in1973, and featured on the album title The Dark Side of The Moon. Arguably, one of the best concept albums as well as a top ten best seller for fifteen years on Billboardââ¬â¢s top album charts is not only a great musical achievement, but a metaphoric masterpieceRead MoreCompetition in the Movie Rental Industry: Netflix and Redbox1710 Words à |à 7 PagesM E M O R A N D U M DATE: Friday, February 22, 2013 SUBJ: A Look at the Competition Within the Movie Rental Industry EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Analysis: The competitive forces in the movie rental industry are quite strong, as I will explain through the five forces model. There are a vast amount of substitutes for watching a movie. You can go to a play, sporting event, concert, out the lake/beach, go for a run, watch regular television, go shopping; I could go on and on. Also, torrenting or piratingRead MoreMovie 12 Angry By Movie Review1137 Words à |à 5 PagesIn this essay I will be an analysis of group communication using the movie 12 Angry Men.The movie 12 Angry men is a movie about a jury made up of 12 men as they deliberate the guilt or acquittal of a defendant on the basis of reasonable doubt. They go through many different problems during the deliberation. The movie starts off with all 12 of the jurors in a room. Nobody knows anybody. Everyone friendly introducing themselves and making conversation. Trying to get to know one another. They knew they Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-31037225274132507052020-05-06T19:06:00.001-07:002020-05-06T19:06:21.504-07:00Understand the Potential Effects of Transitions on... Unit 201 Child and young person development Outcome 3: Understand the potential effects of transitions on children and young people 3.1 Identify the transitions experienced by most children and young people 3.3 Describe with examples how transitions may affect children and young peopleââ¬â¢s behaviour and development Under each heading, explain how each aspect may impact on a childââ¬â¢s behaviour development, giving examples. â⬠¢ Puberty: Puberty is a major transition that all children at some point, will have to go through. It can be a difficult time for both sexes emotionally, socially and physically. Behaviour will change and so will their physical appearance, which may cause them to feel insecure, especially if they areâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Either way, starting school is a huge transition in a Childs life. There are many new changes in their daily routine that they have to adapt to, such as mixing with a larger group of children, many of whom they wonââ¬â¢t have met before. They will be expected to be more independent and do things for themselves, which can worry some children. Emotionally, not all children cope very well with the transition. I remember child K being very upset and anxious about being left in the mornings and would cling frantically to their parent to prevent them for leaving. Every morning they would have to be taken by the teacher to go and help with something so the parent could lea ve. The child would usually settle down and be fine for the rest of the day until home time, when they would cry again when they saw their parent. This continued on and off for the whole of the reception year. Tiredness is another factor that causes children to seem emotionally distraught. Having to cope with full days at school, and the amount of concentration that they have to give is a lot for some children, and they tend to act up, having temper outbursts and emotional upsets. They can start arguing with their friends and refuse to do activities just because they are tired and it all seems too much. By the end of their first year, most children are usually quite happy and confident and ready to move to their new class. â⬠¢ Moving class or school When a child moves up a year, theyShow MoreRelatedUnderstand the Potential Effect of Transitions on Children and Young Peopleââ¬â¢s Development.1181 Words à |à 5 PagesUnderstand the potential effect of transitions on children and young peopleââ¬â¢s development. Through out our lives we are confronted by changes. People, places and even our own bodies change. We are faced by ongoing periods of transition as things alter from how they were to how they are now. Transitions can positively or negatively impact on children and young peopleââ¬â¢s development depending on how they are supported and the change is managed. There are several types of transition children andRead MoreSpeech, Language And Communication1680 Words à |à 7 PagesHow play/activities are used to support the development of speech, language and communication Encouragement is an important tool for helping children develop in their language and communication skills and should be used as much as possible. Adults will need to give children the opportunity to take part in speaking and listening for many different purposes and situations and this can be achieved either in a whole class or small group setting Language is important in these roles and we should encourageRead MoreThis Assignment Will Answer Two Interrelated Questions.1668 Words à |à 7 Pagesinterrelated questions. The first part will look at transitions, for example, temporal transitions across time, such as, a child s growth development or evolving capacities. Also, spatial transitions, between spaces such as moving between specific locations or services. It will look at how transitions can affect the child and how law and policy can try to slow down some transitions. How practitioners need to understand the concept of transitions and the perspective of all involved to see how it canRead MoreOut Of Home Care Case Study1139 Words à |à 5 PagesIssue To provide strategies and policy options to keep children and young people in out-of-home-care in education with a relatively satisfied performance, and to help the government in training and supporting for foster carers as they play a significant role in the academic performance and development of the children and young persons under their care. Background The poor performance in educational outcomes for children in out-of-home care (OOHC) has been an internationally recognized concernRead MoreThe Importance of Speech, Language, and Communication1007 Words à |à 5 Pages[EYMP 5.1] Understand the importance of speech, language and communication for childrenââ¬â¢s overall development. 1.1 Explain each of the terms: 1.1a Speech The word speech when used in relation to children and young peopleââ¬â¢s development literally means the act of speaking, verbal communication, or to express thoughts, feelings, or ideas. 1.1b Language The term language refers to an understood, systematic arrangement of signs, symbols and gestures used to communicate. 1.1c Communication Read MoreThe Difference Between Adolescence And Adulthood In Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye1521 Words à |à 7 PagesThe transition from adolescence to adulthood is not as clear-cut as the physical traits may suggest. Culture has a major role in deciding when that change is. Some cultures use a specific age, while others acknowledge physical changes. Regardless, cultures around the world understand that there is a distinct difference between adolescence and adulthood. Toni Morrisonââ¬â¢s The Bluest Eye tells a story from the perspective of Claudia, a black girl growing up in the 1940s. Morrison uses Claudia as a narratorRead MorePromote Equality and Inclusion in Health, Social Care or Childrenââ¬â¢s and Young Peopleââ¬â¢s Settings.620 Words à |à 3 PagesPromote equality and inclusion in health, social care or childrenââ¬â¢s and young peopleââ¬â¢s settings. 1.1 Explain what is meant by: â⬠¢ Diversity - Each person is individual and unique - Encompass respect and acceptance - It is about understanding each other and moving beyond simple tolerance - ââ¬Å"Differences between individuals and groups of peopleâ⬠Diversity is about respecting individual differences these can be: ethnicity, physical abilities, gender, age, religious, beliefs, sexual orientationRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Children1034 Words à |à 5 PagesThe world of today has developed in a way that even children are affected by technology. They enjoy video games in their leisure time and even prefer them to studying that, in its turn, can contribute to their poor performance in the class. These days, video games have become an issue that has brought concern to many people from parents to scholars about their potential effect on the future of children through influencing their conduct. They feel that the violent behavior or any other negative consequenceRead MoreTelevised Violence causes Aggression in Young Boys1555 Words à |à 7 PagesTelevised Violence causes Aggression in Young Boys Young boys are evidently influenced by things in their environment such as media, peers, and family. Elementary school aged boys are influenced easily because these are critical years in developing their sense of individuality and social skills with their peers. The vulnerably of young boys are a reason why they are a target of the popular culture of displaying television violence because they have rarely encountered it in previous years so theyRead MoreLevel 3 Diploma998 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe lives of children Look at the factors below how will could they affect a childââ¬â¢s life; * Education; poor education could effect future goals and aspirations * Disability; unable to access certain services or activities * Poverty; poor health and hygiene, lack of activities and experiences being accessed * Housing; poor health, unable to develop fully. * Offending behaviour; convictions, effecting social ties and job opportunities * Health status; effect social ties, education Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-2771641722855993022020-05-06T00:38:00.001-07:002020-05-06T00:38:15.298-07:00The Art Of Music Essay Example For Students The Art Of Music Essay Music has influenced my life in many ways; I believe it has shaped my life and made me who I am today. Music is a part of my everyday life. It helps me cope with any obstacles I might stumble across. When I am sad I listen to emotional punk. Like Red Auerbach said Music washes away from the soul the dust of everyday life. Music is that one thing that puts my mind at ease, no matter how I am feeling; I can always find a song that I can relate to. A particular band that has had great influence on me is The Ataris. Their heart felt lyrics really reach out to me in great depths. Music is an art form of expression. It does not have to be expressed in words, rather it can be expressed in harmony. I have attended several Ataris concerts, and at the concerts I have felt completely liberated to express myself in front of others who may be experiencing some of the same problems as me. This particular album by The Ataris called So Long Astoria is written about the bands good times, their childhoods, and how they faced problems. Two particular quotes that touched me were; The hardest part isnt finding out who you need to be, but it is being content with who you are, and So long Astoria I found a map to buried treasure, and even if we come home empty handed we still have our stories of battle scars, pirate ships and wounded hearts, broken bones, and all the best of friendships. What this quote means is that no matter what bad things may come, youll always have good times to remember. Its not about having material things but having what really counts. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-50851096663173945872020-04-20T14:30:00.001-07:002020-04-20T14:30:04.155-07:00The Dubai City Essay ExampleThe Dubai City Essay Dubai is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and is one among the seven emirates. It is situated on the Arabian Peninsula along the southern coast of the Persian Gulf. To distinguish it from the emirate, Dubai city is sometimes referred to as the Dubai Municipality. This city has been estimated to have existed for more than one hundred and fifty years prior to the formation of UAE. Within the federal framework, Dubai shares economic, political, military and legal functions with its fellow emirates. However, each country has its own jurisdiction over special functions such as upkeep of local facilities, provision of local facilities and civic law enforcement (Brown, 2006, p. 15). In this union, Dubai has the largest population and is the second largest after Abu Dhabi. In the countryââ¬â¢s legislature, veto power is exercised on matters that are considered of national importance. In the early 19th century, Dubai was established and operated independently until 1833. With the British government, the country signed the general maritime peace treaty. In 1892, the country came under the protection of the United Kingdom after an exclusive agreement. The country has a history of being an important port for foreign based traders, most of them coming in from India. Ultimately, many of the traders ended up settling in the nation because of the conducive investment and trading environment the nation had. The fame of the country started as early as 1820s and is still very much pronounced today. Today, the nation is mostly referred to as the City of Dubai (Omar, 2006, p. 11). During these times, Dubai was very well known for exporting pearl. We will write a custom essay sample on The Dubai City specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Dubai City specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Dubai City specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Unanticipatedly, the trade was dismissed by the events of the World War 1 in 1930s. The effects of the great depression in the late 1920s also devastated the growth and development of the city. In the realm of the economic challenges the city faced, it experienced massive migration of people to seek better living in parts of the Persian Gulf. The 1950s marks the time when the British moved its local administration offices to Dubai and thus airport, telephone and electricity services were established in the city. The town joined Qatar in 1966 to form a new monetary unit, Dubai/Qatar Riyal. This move led to the devaluation of the Gulf Rupee that had previously lasted as the medium of exchange. Still in 1966, oil was discovered in Dubai and the town granted concessions towards international oil companies. When it was discovered, a large influx of foreign workers mainly Pakistanis and Indians was experienced by the city (Ciecko, 2006, p. 19). Through some estimates, the population of the town grew by more than 300% from 1968 to 1975. The Britain protectors left the Persian Gulf in 1971, leading the emirates to join and form the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Dubai joined fellow emirates in adopting a uniform currency, the UAE dirham. Despite the influx of the Lebanese immigrants fleeing civil war in Lebanon in 1970, the city continued to grow rapidly because of the revenues collected from trade and oil. In 1979, Jebel Ali port was established, becoming the largest manmade port around the world. This port enabled the foreign companies to have an unrestricted importation of labor as well as export capital (Rugh, 1997, p. 23). In 1990, the effects of the Persian Gulf War had a large impact on the city. This war created uncertainty in the political fields within the whole region. As a result, the economy experienced a shock as Dubai banks withdrew their funds massively. During the Persian Gulf War, Kuwait trading community moved their businesses to Dubai. During the Shia unrest, communities from Bahrain also moved their businesses to the city since it was felt as the best investment site in the region by then. During the Persian Gulf War, the city provided refueling services at Jebel Ali free zone to allied forces. The town provided the same services during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. After the Persian Gulf War ended, oil prices increased largely, encouraging the nation to highly focus on tourism and free trade. The model to develop clusters of new free zones was fueled by the success of the port. The clusters included Dubai Maritime City, Dubai Media City and the Dubai Internet City. Dubai marketed its tourism sector through the construction of Burj Al Arab which up to now serves as the tallest freestanding hotel in the world, and also as the most developed residential holdings. In creating Dubaiââ¬â¢s skyline, the country since 2002 has experienced increases in private real estate investments. This development was aided through engaging in projects such as Burj Dubai, The World Islands and The Palm Islands (Khalaf, 2000, p. 27). In the recent years, the city had robust economic growth, which has been accompanied by high inflation rates. In 2007, the rate of inflation stood as 11. 2%, measured against consumer price index. The inflation rise is attributed to doubling trend of residential and commercial rental costs, which have caused substantial increase of living costs for the citizens. The city lies directly within the Arabian Desert. Its topography is however different from the ones within the emirates zone, making the city appear unique. A larger portion of Dubaiââ¬â¢s landscape is highlighted by gravel deserts and sandy desert patterns. Gravel deserts dominate the southern part of the city. The sand is composed of coral and crushed shell and it is also white, clean and fine. The eastern part of the city is made up of a north south running line of dunes formed with salt crushed coastal plains. Far to the east, the dunes are tinged red with iron oxide (Sultan, et al, 1999, p. 31). There is a flat sandy desert forming a paving path towards the Western Hajar Mountains that found to stretch along the Dubaiââ¬â¢s border with Oman at Hatta. These mountains have a landscape that in shattered, jagged and arid, rising to a height of 1300 meters. The city does not have any natural water body or oases, but only a natural inlet called Dubai creek, dredged to make it deeper for use by large vessels. The city has multiple waterholes and gorges, at the base of Western Al Hajar Mountains. The vast sea of sand dunes in the southern part forms a desert known as the Empty Quarter. The city is located in a very stable zone, bearing in mind that Zargos Fault which is the nearest seismic fault line is one hundred and twenty kilometers from the UAE territory, limiting the possibilities of seismic impacts on Dubai. Through expertise consultation, the region has minimum possibilities of experiencing tsunami because the waters of the Persian Gulf are not deep enough to trigger the disaster (Marios, 2007, p. 16). The sandy desert that surrounds the city nurtures occasional date palm trees and also supports wild grasses. In the east of the city, desert hyacinths grow as ghaf and acacia trees grow in the flat plains. Dubaiââ¬â¢s natural parks are composed of both indigenous and imported trees. The indigenous trees include neem and date palm whereas the imported trees mainly include eucalyptus. The parks still have a variety of animals such as Arabian Oryx, falcon, desert fox, caracal, striped hyena and the houbara bustard. This city lies in a migration path of birds towards and from Africa, Asia and Europe, through which about 320 migratory birds pass during autumn and winter. The waters of Dubai also harbor more than 300 species of fish, with hammour being the most popular. The city has a hot and humid climate with monthly recordings of over 40 degrees Celsius. The highest recorded temperature is usually 47. 3 degrees whereas the lowest recorded is seven degrees. The city receives light rains of about 150 millimeters annually, precipitations coming in March, February and January. Heavy rains usually come in winter months, recording 120mm. High humidity levels are experienced in cooler winter periods and the mean humidity in the country is 60% (Daniela, 2002, p. 24). Dubai has a multicultural and diverse community. This was after the arrival of nationals and ethnic groups, first Iranians, Indians and Pakistanis. Only infrequent and minor episodes of ethnic tensions have ever been reported despite the diversity of the whole population. The common conflicts occur between expatriates who are recently and frequently visiting the city. In 1994, Muslim laborers and the Hindu clashed leading to deportation and detainment of Pakistani and Indian workers. The cosmopolitan nature of the society is indicated by the diversity of cuisine. Arab food is readily available and very popular. The consumption and sale of pork is regulated though not illegal, being sold in designated areas and to non Muslims. To purchase alcohol within the city, a liquor permit is required, or else obtained from restaurants and bars within five and four star hotels. Bollyhood and holly wood movies have made the city fame through their popularity. The city attracts celebrities from international cinema and the Arab community because it is where annual Dubai international film festival is held. The nation has an active musical scene, with musicians Phil Collins, Celine Dion, Shakira, pink, Elton John, Santana, Aerosmith, Tarkan, Diana Haddad and Amrdiab having frequent visits to the city and making musical performances (Martin, 1993, p. 67). Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-61139444480531563362020-03-15T17:19:00.001-07:002020-03-15T17:19:02.100-07:00The Sun Also Rises essaysThe Sun Also Rises essays The book is ok, there were three main characters. The main characters were Robert Cohn, Lady Brett Ashley, and Jake Barnes. The book is all right, the only reason I didn't like is because it talks about slaves and I don't like that. The story was set in Spain in the 1920's with main characters going to see a bullfight Robert Cohn is the main character. Robert is an educated Jewish American who is a writer and an ex-boxer he loved to box. The title meant a lot to him. He got a flat nose and never boxed again. He fell in love with Lady Ashley. The Lady Brett Ashley usually goes by the name Brett. The story is based around her. She loved to drink and go to the cafs in Spain. Everyone loved to drink in the book. She is French and spends her time in and out of relationships with other men, men without Jake's type of unfortunate injury. She got herself a fianc (Mike Campbell) later in the book. She loved the bullfighting and she fell in love with the bullfighter who's name was Pedro Romero. Jake Barnes is the narrator. He's smart and he was wounded in the war. Jake Barnes also loves Brett but he can never have her. His secret war wound that has left him sexually incapable. The main conflict of the story I think is about the love between Jake and Lady Ashley. She like's him in away but she has a fianc Mike Campbell and she loved him. So she goes for him. All this helped when they ended up in Pamplona and they followed the bull-running festival. They all loved to drink and go to cafs. I thought this book was ok but it had too much romance in it for me. The way the book is written makes it hard to follow the story line and understand the plot. He did a good job writing it and I would tell someone else to read it. David Blevins A4 ... Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-34422416804415120012020-02-28T07:45:00.001-08:002020-02-28T07:45:04.263-08:00Advantages and Disadvantages of Primary Data EssayAdvantages and Disadvantages of Primary Data - Essay Example Contact methods can be mail, telephone or personal. Sampling plan decisions include sampling unit, sample size, and sampling procedure. Lastly, the research instruments to be used can be questionnaires and mechanical instruments (Philip Kotler). ââ¬Å"Observational research includes the gathering of primary data by observing relevant people, actions and situationâ⬠(Philip Kotler). It is the appropriate approach for exploratory research. ââ¬Å"Surveys are a form of questioning that is more rigid than interviews and that involve larger groups of people. Surveys will provide a limited amount of information from a large group of people and are useful when you want to learn what a larger population thinksâ⬠(Driscoll). The survey approach is the best suited for gathering descriptive information such as finding out ââ¬Å"peoplesââ¬â¢ knowledge, attitudes, preferences or buying behaviorâ⬠(Philip Kotler). Experimental research is done by ââ¬Å"selecting matched groups of subjects, giving them different treatments, controlling unrelated factors, and checking for differences in group responsesâ⬠(Philip Kotler). This method is used in establishing causal relationships between variables, thus it ââ¬Å"is commonly used in sciences such as sociology and psychology, physics, chemistry, biology, and medicineâ⬠(http://www.experiment-resources.com). Primary data collection has the following advantages: Addresses Specific Research Issues ââ¬â Carrying out their own research allows the marketing organization to address issues specific to their own situation. Greater Control ââ¬â Not only does primary research enable the marketer to focus on specific issues, but it also enables the marketer to have a higher level of control over how the information is collected. Efficient Spending for Information - primary data collectionsââ¬â¢ focus on issues specific to the researcher improves the chances that research funds will be spent efficiently. Proprietary Information ââ¬â Information collected by the marketer using primary research is their own and is generally not shared with others. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-25701423525066638282020-02-12T00:31:00.001-08:002020-02-12T00:31:02.644-08:00Hospitality Management--Food Safety Management EssayHospitality Management--Food Safety Management - Essay Example With this comes a great responsibility to ensure the safety and integrity of the food supply. Little kills a tourist destination or catering business more than bad publicity. This can occur in the media, or via word of mouth. One of the primary concerns in the industry has long been outbreaks of food poisoning (Adams and Morrell 38). Catering businesses must depend not only on their own quality control standards, but also on the safe supply of fresh food to their business as well. It is critical that food born illnesses be eliminated from the food supply to the greatest extent possible. Much has been discussed in this area in recent years as the number of tourism based businesses continues to grow exponentially. This paper will examine a particular case of food born disease that directly affected the catering industry in Africa, and will enter into a discussion of relevant legislation and recommendations to avoid future outbreaks worldwide. Case Study and the Causative Agent Salad ha s long been a staple of the catering industry. Nearly every meal in world wide tourist circles, particularly meals that are catered, have some form of salad mix as a part of the set menu (Henderson 318). Produce, however, must be handled carefully as there are many food born diseases that can result if not properly handled (Chapman et. al. 1101). Because of the mass quantities of lettuce and other ingredients of salad that must be collected for any one event, it becomes even more critical to examine the health and safe of such food products. Since salad is not cooked, heat and extreme temperatures utilized in the cooking process do not assist in the elimination of contaminants (Amhadi and Hussain 172). One such case study was recently conducted in Nigeria to determine the prevalence of food born bacteria in ready made salad mixes typically used in the catering industry. General Details Scientists tested 150 different ready-to-eat salad samples from various sources in Calabar, South Nigeria. The samples were taken from such tourist and catering sites as fast food centers, wedding reception banquets, and birthday parties in the main part of the city. This occurred during the three-month period in order to ensure that the food and produce supplier remained relatively consistent (Udo et. al. 1). During the analysis of the samples, it was discovered that five main types of bacteria were present in the lettuce on an above average scale. ââ¬Å"The probable human pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus 35 (41.18%), Escherichia coli 21 (24.71%), Klebsiella aerogenes 11 (12.94%), Slamonella Enterica var Typhimuirum 3 (3.53%, and Bacsillus species 15 (17.65%)â⬠(Udo et al 2). It was discovered that an astounding 40% of fast food centers, 52% of birthday parties, and 78% of wedding receptions had enough bacteria in their salad to cause food poisoning amongst the guests. Obviously this is an unacceptable number, but this case study is reflective of the overall danger of the food preparation industry if proper handling of food is not undertaken. The case study from Nigeria demonstrates that salads typically eaten in tourist venues and at catering events are often contaminated with pathogens that can cause grave illness in humans. This indicates a strong need to take care that food service personnel, particularly in the hospitality industry, use proper hygiene standards and that fruits and vegetables are disinfected and stored at the Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-50669932047175078582020-01-31T14:35:00.001-08:002020-01-31T14:35:03.737-08:00President Reaganââ¬â¢s Diplomacy Essay Example for Free President Reaganââ¬â¢s Diplomacy Essay Ronald Reagan is ranked highly as amongst the greatest presidents the United States has ever seen. His achievements silenced critics who had earlier decried his lack of administrative experience during the race to the Whitehouse. His prowess and masterly of effective foreign policy has left scholars and analysts baffled. à à à à à à à à à à à Ronald Reagan was born in 1911 and served as the president of the United States in a delicate period between 1981 and 1989. It is termed as a rather delicate period as it was the climax of the cold war. During this period too, the publicââ¬â¢s confidence in the presidency and its ability to unify and inspire Americans had been shattered by the Richard Nixonââ¬â¢s tenure in office. Ronald Reagan came on to the public limelight by capturing the attention of the media as a Hollywood star. He emerged from the entertainment industry having cut for himself an insurmountable personal profile. His popularity was from the conservative wing that saw him as representing conservative traditional values. His leadership in the workers unions and rather strong sentiments against communism plunged him into politics. His charisma played well with the public who were inspired by his calls for a free enterprise system. He ran for governor in 1966 winning with a landslide. He ran for presidential nomination in 1968 on a Republican ticket but lost, he also lost to Gerald Ford in 1976. He successfully ran for president in 1980, be coming the 40th president of the United States. His tenure in office had notable achievements in both foreign and domestic policies, though still riddled with controversies and scandals; the hall mark of his presidency was his prowess in diplomacy. à à à à à à à à à à à President Ronald Reagan was an avowed anti communist, his rhetoricââ¬â¢s and campaigns against communism had led to the rise in his popularity with people seeing him a president who would restore a sense of patriotism and reassert the position of the United States in the global scene. By the time be assumed office dà ©tente was in place. Reagan exhibited rather a radical shift from his predecessors; his views on dà ©tente and the reigning foreign policy of isolationism and appeasement were in the negative. He had an inner drive to cripple communism on the mere ground that it was repressive and immoral. His diplomacy was driven by the need to achieve this (John P. D., 2007). à à à à à à à à à à à The hallmark of Reagan diplomacy was in thawing the relationship with the Soviet Union through his close interaction with the then General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev. This is rather ironic considering Reagan was committed to undermining the Soviets interests and influence in the world. His denouncement of dà ©tente policy was seen as having aggravated the already sour relations with the Soviet, this however was not to be as the end would justify him. Shifting form dà ©tente, Reagan immediately ordered a massive military build up and running any stalled military program that would have demonstrated the undeniable military might of the United States; it is the Strategic Defense Initiative Program (SDI) that would remain controversial and box the Soviet Union to a corner readying it for open diplomacy. The Strategic Defense Initiate was a controversial project that was supposed to step up the United States military defense in its ability to defend itself against any ground or space missile attacks. The program was dubbed ââ¬Å"Star Warsâ⬠and was led by Reaganââ¬â¢s belief that with such a program in place the United States would fend it self off any nuclear attacks. Russia was quite apprehensive of this program and these concerns were certainty voiced by the then Russian leader Yuri Andropov. à à à à à à à à à à à Before the coming of Mikhail Gorbachev into power President Reaganââ¬â¢s attitude to the USSR was rather lacking in any hint of diplomacy. His policy towards USSR and its cahoots was one of open hostility and filled with imperialistic tendencies. Many Analysts referred to him as a warmonger. He had rather harsh words for USSR referring to it as an evil empire. A shift in policy and attitude was however witnessed as the USSR began also to shift towards the ideas of free market under Gorbachev, moves that would bring the cold war to a close. In achieving this, Reagan did not apply diplomacy solely; rather it was a multifaceted approach that included even arms building. Reagan was optimistic that the Soviet Union would not match the United States in an all out arms race. True to his words, the economic crisis that later faced USSR impeded on its ability to compete in the race. USSR was going through a tough time in its economic backyard as a result of both its own undoing and the overbearing influence of the United States (Paul Kengor, 2006). à à à à à à à à à à à One outstanding fact that comes up is the willingness of Ronald Reagan to meet with the leader of an enemy faction. Many had scoffed at such as an idea but Reagan was particularly interested in meeting Gorbachev, who was coming up as more accommodating to the western values than his predecessors. He was also younger than the earlier leaders and had initiated reforms towards free enterprise to cope with the economic crisis facing the nation. Reaganââ¬â¢s strategy had been to strengthen the military so that he could have an elevated position in the diplomatic talks (Michael S., Gale W., and Lila F., 1987) à à à à à à à à à à à His skills emerge clearly as the talks were not held during the usual summit sessions only but also after. According to Edwin Meese, an attorney general during Reaganââ¬â¢s tenure, Reagan waited to ââ¬Å"establish a personal relationship and to break what he viewed as the barriers of mistrust that divided our countries.â⬠(http://www.heritage.org/Press/Commentary/ed061404c.cfm) When finally Reagan and Gorbachev met, a cordial relationship was founded and would blossom signifying the start of the end of the cold war and history took a new shape. The first meeting between the two leaders came in November 1985, in Geneva; it was later to be followed by a series of meetings in Washington and Moscow. In these meetings, these two most powerful leaders then did not exhibit arrogance and bitterness rather they displayed tact and skills. What he was able to achieve silenced critics. It is Margaret Thatcher who puts his achievements in diplomacy more accurately when she said that Reagan ââ¬Å"won the cold war without firing a shotâ⬠(LaFeber, Walter, 2002) à à à à à à à à à à à In 1987 for example, President Reagan and Gorbachev were able to negotiate their way to the destruction of all intermediate range nuclear missiles as well as agreeing on the need for inspections. à à à à à à à à à à à The whole diplomatic turnaround of President Ronald Reagan is though full of contradictions. He came into office on a bedrock of demonization of communism having referred to it as an ââ¬Å"evil empireâ⬠discouraging any diplomatic ties between the two nations, as Michael s. et al. (1987) notes his administration could not offer to ââ¬Å"review the official cultural exchange programs, denied visa to many would be Soviet visitors and increased restrictions on the movement and activities of the Soviets it did allow to visit.â⬠This changed however in 1985 (Matlock, Jack, 2004). à à à à à à à à à à à One key fact that emerges in the analysis of Reagans diplomatic skills is how he had a well mapped out strategy of combining negotiations with military strength. The congress stepped up military spending; this though could not happen after 1984 as congress declined further increases halting the military buildup initiatives. Negotiations with the soviets after that become quite inevitable. à à à à à à à à à à à Reagans diplomatic skills stemmed from his earlier positions he held. He had refined his charismatic skills as an entertainer and media personality. He was also the president of the Screen Actorsââ¬â¢ Guild and had toned up his negotiating skills especially as he sought to strike better deals for those he represented. à à à à à à à à à à à Carnes Lord and Helle C. (2007) in their article Public Diplomacy and the Cold War: Lessons Learnt, notes how the public diplomacy was re-invigorated under the presidency of Ronald Reagan. Prior to Reaganââ¬â¢s regime, few presidents had perfected the institutionalization of public diplomacy as an effective tool of winning the cold war. Canes and Helle note that ââ¬Å"reagan placed renewed emphasis on psychological operations and public diplomacyâ⬠in tandem with his military build up. Reagan gave impetus to the public diplomacy with an intention of publicizing the ideological flaws of the Soviet Union. Skeptics were expecting little from this strategy but it is hailed for having hastened the end of cold war. Public diplomacy according to these two scholars is the multifaceted approach of promoting a countries ideals and superior attitudes to both within its citizenry and across the borders. à à à à à à à à à à à In addition to personal diplomacy, Ronald Reagan had perfected the art of public diplomacy having brought together a think tank comprising of competent propagandists and foreign policy makers. He combined aptly both propaganda and diplomacy hoping to win public and international support. Reagan formed what came to be known as ââ¬Å"project truthâ⬠and ââ¬Å"project democracyâ⬠. This was a combination of both domestic and international policies aimed at winning the support of the citizen at the domestic level as well as at the international front. à à à à à à à à à à à Despite the fact that Ronald reagan is hailed for having brought diplomacy to a new level by agreeing earlier in his governor days to meet with the USSR leaders, his administration was not without a number of diplomatic breaches and scandals that would taint his established image. For example he failed to initiate diplomacy in negotiating with the air controller workers in 1968 instead he relieved them of their duties. Reagan went against his political advisors opinion and sacked all the striking workers presenting to the public another face of his administration. à à à à à à à à à à à His diplomatic skills also failed to see him wriggle his way out of the Iran Contra Affair. Iran Contra Affair is a scandal that involved top level government officials who oversaw the selling of weapons with an intention of funding insurgents. The International Court of Justice highly criticized Reaganââ¬â¢s administration for participating in the covert operations. Reagan pleaded ignorance claiming that the scandal was going on without his consent. A commission was set up to investigate the ongoing. They could not find a direct link to Reaganââ¬â¢s involvement, but he was highly criticized for his hands off style of staff management. He was also criticized for his handling of the affairs and of his intention to attack other countries driven by his sheer hate for communism. The Iran-Contra Affair became the biggest scandal of the 1980s. This scandal would lead to a number of his high profile staff being charged and convicted. à à à à à à à à à à à President Ronald Reagan had a special interest in the countries Latin Central America not only due to its proximity but also due to the encroachment of communism in the region. This was the reason the Iran Contra Affairs scandal got there in the first place. Reaganââ¬â¢s representatives claimed that the help accorded to the insurgents was to stop the flow of weapons to the wrong hands in Nicaragua. The handling of the Iran Contra Affair not only put Reagan on a bad spotlight but also his diplomacy team. His public diplomacy efforts were seen as aiming at misrepresenting information especially in regard to the Iran Contra Affair, with an intention of influencing the opinion of the public. Reporters and congress members were in constant attack from his diplomacy team. Carla Binion (1990) notes this team ââ¬Å"did not limit their attacks to out of step members of congress, they also attacked journalists who wrote anti contra storiesâ⬠à This however is how President Reagan worked, he believed in diplomacy and strength. The diplomacy that he helped built stands up to today and has helped the United States stand where it is today. His diplomatic strategies in Latin America and central Europe have been consistently followed almost three decades later. à His regime though was largely criticized for selective application of diplomacy. His administration infringed on the sovereign rights of nations especially in the third world especially those with despotic leaders and leaning towards the east. His diplomatic tact was not seen when it came to the small and non strategic states. A bit of diplomacy was seen in some of the Latin American countries though most of them tasted the wrath of the United States military which assisted topple some of third world regimes. In spite of these flaws in his administration, his charisma and negotiating skills helped elevate his profile compared to that of those in power during the cold war era, the likes of Jimmy carter and Lyndon Johnson. When Ronald Reagan won the presidential elections in the early 1980s not many would have thought he would make great strides in both domestic and foreign policy. By the time his tenure came into completion, he had made a name for himself mostly due to his prowess in both personal and public diplomacy. He came to power at the height of cold war. His first move was to make it clear that his administration would not pursue Dà ©tente and isolationism rather it would go on a military build up. With such a policy in place, the US relations with USSR became more strained. His diplomatic skills would be demonstrated when he was able to negotiate the scaling down of nuclear weapons and missiles in the historic summit meeting with the then USSR leader Mikhail Gorbachev. These negotiations would put an end to a war that had been ranging on for years highlighting his diplomatic skills to the world. à References Paul Kengor, 2006. The Crusader: Ronald Reagan and the Fall of Communism. New York: Regan Books, an imprint of HarperCollins publishers. John Patrick Diggings, 2007. Ronald Reagan: Fate, Freedom, and the Making of History (New York: W.W. Norton Company. Michael Shuman, Gale Warner, and Lila Forest, 1987. Citizen diplomacy: what it is, how it began, and where he it is going. Retrieved on 13/ 04/ 2007 from http://www.context.org/ICLIB/IC15/Shuman.htm Carnes Lord and Helle C. 2007. Public Diplomacy and the Cold War: Lessons Learnt. HarperCollins publishers Carla Binion. George H. W. Bushs many lies. Retrieved on 13/ 04/ 2007 from http://www.onlinejournal.com/archive/01-20-00_Binion-Pt_4.pdf. LaFeber, Walter, 2002. America, Russia, and the Cold War, 1945ââ¬â1971. New York: Wiley. Matlock, Jack, 2004. Reagan and Gorbachev: How the Cold War Ended. New York: Random House. Edwin Mesee, June 2004. The Personal Diplomacy of Reagan. Heritage foundation. Retrieved on 13/ 04/ 2007 from http://www.heritage.org/Press/Commentary/ed061404c.cfm Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-53379280806638773472020-01-23T10:59:00.001-08:002020-01-23T10:59:03.544-08:00Analysis of Internet Protocols and Infrastructure Essay -- Internet TeAnalysis of Internet Protocols and Infrastructure Introduction: Network: Anything reticulated or decussated at equal distances, with interstices between the intersections. - A Dictionary of the English Language SECTION : 1 1.1 WHAT IS A NETWORK? A) What is a network? A network is simply a collection of machines connected in some way that allows them to communicate with each other and share information. To do this the machines have to be connected in some way that allows communication, and have an agreed upon a language to talk when they do communicate. Components of a network might include individual hosts, some form of communications hardware, a network protocol and a collection of network services. B) Individual hosts A network is a collection of individual machines sometimes referred to as hosts. Each host (computer) must have some unique identifier that allows other hosts to talk to it. 1.2 COMPONENTS OF A NETWORK A) Network Protocol In order to communicate the parties must speak the same language. Languages on computer networks are referred to as network protocols. A network protocol is simply a set of rules and formats that govern how information is sent and in what format it is sent. Some of the different network protocols used today include TCP/IP (Internet and UNIX favourite), IPX (Novell), Appletalk (MAC), DECnet and various others. TCP/IP is quickly becoming the networking protocol and is the one I concentrate on in this subject. B) Network services To be of use to users the network will provide various services including file, print and device sharing, electronic mail etc. 1.3 TYPES OF NETWORKS A) Network categories à · LAN (local ... ...UNIX the routing table can be viewed using the netstat command. The route a packet follows can be viewed using the traceroute command. Routing tables are either created statically, or by the systems administrator configuring the system, using the startup or configuration fiels, to used a pre-defined, unchanging route.dynamically. à · There are protocols, part of TCP/IP, that will dynamically modify the routing table in response to events. à · Adding a host to the network requires obtaining, installing and configuring the necessary network hardware, gather the required information including IP address and hostname of the new host, the gateway and the name server, the network address and the subnet mask, modify the appropriate configuration and startup files with that information, make sure the new host has an entry in the domain name service, test the connection. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-74463350616346896712020-01-15T07:23:00.001-08:002020-01-15T07:23:04.903-08:00ââ¬Å1984ââ¬Â³ vs. Nazi Germany EssayI have always been fascinated with Adolf Hitler and World War II. It seems that throughout my education and lifetime, the topic of how Hitlerââ¬â¢s Germany almost ruled the entire world was constantly mentioned in conversations, books, movies, or television programs. After reading George Orwellââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"1984â⬠³ I saw that there were big similarities between the town of Oceiana and Nazi Germany. Both types of government were extremely similar; in 1984as well as in Nazi Germany, they killed and vaporized people with no remorse and had no respect for humanity. Therefore, when I read the quote, ââ¬Å"it is impossible to found a civilization on fear and hatred and cruelty. It would never endure,â⬠I immediately thought of Nazi Germany. Hitlerââ¬â¢s evil drive for success clearly proved this quote to be true and shows that hatred and fear canââ¬â¢t in fact create a stable civilization. The Naziââ¬â¢s ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945 when Germany surrendered and admitted defeat in their war of aggression, World War II. This was similar to the war that Oceiana was involved in throughout the book. Also, many Germanââ¬â¢s were taken to and killed at the concentration camps, just like Winston, along with many others, were taken to the Ministry of Love to be ââ¬Å"taken care of.â⬠In the book as well as in Germany there were no rights granted to citizens and freedom was merely a thought. Moreover, many children had to work at young ages and did not learn the proper skills in order to read or write. See more: Basic Economic problem of Scarcity Essay In the fictional Oceiana, children were also not allowed books and they were taken away because The Party was afraid that people would become too smart and try to overthrow the government. People in both of these countries were treated as slaves and humanity seemed completely outside the realm of possibility. Now, it is a known fact that Adolf Hitler was one of the 20th centuryââ¬â¢s most powerful dictators. He was responsible for World War II and the death of millions. Hitler saw a nation in despair and used this as an opportunity to gain political power. He saw a nation of unemployed and hungry citizens and promised them economic prosperity in return for absolute power. During his time he caused such a great deal of death and destruction He was indeed a great leader, yet his kingdomââ¬â¢s basis is what caused it to fall. Hitlerââ¬â¢s racial and political hatred, along with the fear he instilled in his people were the major causes of the disintegration of his nation. Therefore, this event in history is a prime example of the fact that ââ¬Å"it is impossible to found a civilization on fear and hatred and cruelty.â⬠No one wants to be ruled by someone cruel and full of hate. This form of government didnââ¬â¢t and couldnââ¬â¢t ever endure. Citations * Adolf Hitler.â⬠Jewish Virtual Library ââ¬â Homepage. Web. 01 Mar. 2011. . * Adolf Hitler.â⬠Spartacus Educational ââ¬â Home Page. Web. 01 Mar. 2011. . * Adolf Hitler.â⬠Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 01 Mar. 2011. . Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-12106116916093226122020-01-07T03:46:00.001-08:002020-01-07T03:46:02.767-08:00The Doctrine Of Natural Law - 1203 Words St. Paul opens what many hold to be his magnum opus with an apologetic. In Romans 1, Paul defends the omnipotence of God and His justice by claiming that all men, including those who would willingly reject God, know Him. Paul goes on to say that there is a natural order of things in this world. He speaks of the natural relations of mankind in such a way that moves beyond simply stating that these relations are the norm to say that they are the standard or rule against which actions can be judged. What Paul is talking about in the opening of Romans is the natural law. He makes a natural law argument not only for the morality of mankind, but also for the obviousness of God. The concept of natural law has been considered by philosophers and theologians alike throughout the ages. The Christians tradition of natural law can be primarily traced back to Thomas Aquinas. Even Augustine speaks of the overarching law of God which supersedes the derived and subordinate law of human rule. Despite its historical acceptance by theologians, the natural law is currently under attack from sources both within and without the church. The problem with abolishing the natural law, however, is not one of breaking with historical acceptance, without it there is no morality and no room for a Christian apologetic in any sphere. Natural law is the logical conclusion that there is some sort of inherent or built in rule that governs nature. Various categories fall under the general title of naturalShow MoreRelatedGeorgia Voluntary Payment Doctrine1501 Words à |à 7 PagesGeorgia Voluntary Payment Doctrine The Georgia Voluntary Payment Doctrine is a policy that has been used in Georgia law since the 19th Century. It has been exercised so long that this policy has codified a statute. 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Environmental principles, such as polluter pays principle, precautionary principle and public trust doctrine have been adopted by the Court in its concern to protect the environment from further deg radation and improve the same. It is important to note that these principles have been developed in various internationalRead MoreThomas Hobbes s Views On Human Nature And His Ideal Government1540 Words à |à 7 Pageshonor and dignity, which these creatures are not; and consequently amongst men there ariseth on that ground, envy and hatred, and finally warâ⬠(Hobbes, Leviathan, 17, 7). Due to these instinctive desires and behavioral patterns, he believes that the natural condition of man is troublesome and can only lead to a state of chaos and conflict. This state is undesirable and should be avoided. So while men continue to live without a common power to keep them in awe, they will be in a continuous state of warRead MoreExplain Natural Law Theory Essay1128 Words à |à 5 PagesExplain Natural Law theory In this essay, I will discuss the theories behind Natural Law, as well as the qualities it is seen to possess. I will explain Aquinasââ¬â¢ concepts and theory on Natural Law, discussing eudaimonia and the doctrine of the double effect. Finally, I will reflect on some of the positive and negative aspects, in summarising Natural Law theory. It is important to highlight that Natural Laws differ from acts which occur naturally. There are many aspects to Natural Law, the firstRead MoreThe Success Of The American Revolution881 Words à |à 4 PagesAmerica, the citizens were fed up with the totalitarian monarchy of England who continuously taxed them. The American colonies wanted their freedom from England because they no longer had a say in Englandââ¬â¢s government, but were still forced to follow its laws. Thomas Jefferson, the head of the committee to later drafted Americaââ¬â¢s demand for freedom, went so far as to call England an ââ¬Å"absolute tyranny.â⬠Americans knew their break from England would lead to a warââ¬âthe American Revolutionââ¬âbut continued to upRead MoreThe Debate Over Physician Assisted Suicide951 Words à |à 4 Pagesnot contribute information that may influence his decision. In this case, the first moral framework to consider is natural law. Natural law is governed by a body of principles that are considered to be inherent in nature and universally applicable as right and wrong actions. What actions are right and what actions are wrong can be determined by the doctrine of double effect. The doctrine of double effect states that an action is morally permissible if the bad effect is not intended but may be foreseen;Read MoreMorality Of War And Peace1709 Words à |à 7 PagesMorality of War and Peace Exam #1 For Aquinas, there are three conditions for Just War. The first is that the war must be declared by authority of a head of state or a proper authority. The requirement for a war to be declared comes from the Roman law. There is no specific time limit between hostile activities and the declaration, but the act of declaring war does invite the second party to the pending hostilities for the opportunity to offer redress in lieu of war. An aggrieving nation must haveRead MoreAristotles Theory of Slavery1295 Words à |à 6 PagesSome aspects of Aristotles theory of slavery Slavery -- natural or conventional? Aristoles theory of slavery is found in Book I, Chapters iii through vii of the Politics. and in Book VII of the Nicomachean Ethics Aristotle raises the question of whether slavery is natural or conventional. He asserts that the former is the case. So, Aristotles theory of slavery holds that some people are naturally slaves and others are naturally masters. Thus he says: But is there any one thus intended Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-49372319830958861672019-12-30T00:11:00.001-08:002019-12-30T00:11:04.265-08:00Sagging Pants Is Deviant Behavior Essay - 651 Words A deviant behavior is a label attached to a personââ¬â¢s activity that is conducted in a manner outside the normalized zone of conformity within a society. There is the perception of how people view or understand certain demeanors. Next, a behavior may be considered illegal in the eyes of the law and it may also be viewed as immoral, unethical or inappropriate in the eyes of the people. Moreover, deviant behavior is conceptualized in the eyes of the public even when an act is not illegal. Although this may be true, there is still the circle of cultural beliefs and upbringings among certain groups of people that may not actually consider an act deviant or illegal. People in a community have attachments to their own family, peers and socialâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦On the other hand, wearing saggy pants is a matter of free will and of choice. It is part of a personââ¬â¢s identity. Why would wearing pants that show underwear be considered deviant? Feldman(1984) indicates, ââ¬Å" norms are enforced to show people what type of behaviors are accepted within a members of society.â⬠Furthermore, this raises the point in asking the question, why there are no rules against women wearing revealing tops? In my opinion, I think itââ¬â¢s just a matter of choice and how members of a society view such acts which are not criminalistic. I believe that sagging may be more predominant in lower classes such as college freshmen because they are just getting out of high school and may still be more involved in the trendy urban fashion statements. Next, in regards to sagging being used by upper level classmen such as seniors, I think that they would tend to use less of sagging pants because of their age and maturity level. In the same fashion, I believe school dropouts would tend to sag more than medical doctors because of the difference in professionalism. In my opinion, doctors are professionals and are not trying to look cool or make a fashion statement. In addition, I believe that some dropouts would have a lesser sense of ethical and acceptable morals. But, at the same time, I still find wearing specific styles of clothing is a matter of choice. I think that the answer to this question may take onShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media On Youth Violence911 Words à |à 4 Pagesthoughts, feelings, and behavior is very significant. They tend to think, act and behavior as they city is seen. By deviant behavior being displayed on the news, cable television, music and the internet youth lives are influenced drastically. Adolescents who are exposed to high levels of violent content are more violent than youths who are not exposed to such content. There is a connection between the television shows, the lyrics of songs, video games and deviant behavior the youth are exposed tooRead MoreCulture Is How People Live1264 Words à |à 6 Pagesindividuals in certain in a place do things regularly. Individuals have different personalities based on their upbringing. Most times, we can tell someoneââ¬â¢s nationality by the way they dress. For instance, a typical American would have on a shirt, jean pant and a pair of sneakers. Subcultures are smaller cultural groups found in a larger culture. They are distinct from the larger culture in which they are found. For instance, in the U.S., there are subcultures such as the northeast, and the south. SubculturesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pages mymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-57642068889227790282019-12-21T19:57:00.001-08:002019-12-21T19:57:03.697-08:00Sociological Imagination Coined By Sociologist C. Wright... Throughout our lives we encounter numerous personal troubles, no matter big ones or trivial ones. However, one may seldom relate their problems in a sociological level rather often try to ascribe the blame to their personal wrongs. In this essay I would introduce the topic of sociological imagination coined by sociologist C. Wright Mills, describing how personal matters have all sorts of interwoven relationships with social issues. It is also important to realize that there are distinctions between ââ¬Å"personal troublesâ⬠and ââ¬Å"public issuesâ⬠despite their relationship. To be successful survivors in our society, one must have the insight and sensibility to analyze how their personal troubles can be viewed to a broader extent. Because it is believed that the individualsââ¬â¢ life and the history of society cannot be understood by not understanding the relation between the two (Mills 1959). American sociologist C. Wright Mills first introduced the concept of sociological imagination in 1959. This novel perspective of sociological ideology is defined as a quality of mind that is able to reason and achieve clear connections between what is happening within us to a broader societal view (Mills 1959). In other words, it is the awareness of the relationship between personal experience and our wider society. The concept can further be elaborated to the application of thought to ask sociological questions from familiar routines of daily life. According the Mills, the difference betweenShow MoreRelatedSociological Imagination Was Coined By Sociologist C. Wright Mills1649 Words à |à 7 PagesSociological imagination was coined by sociologist C. Wright Mills in 1959 to describe the ability to remove oneself from a given situation whether it affects your life or not personally and try to imagine the situation or conflict from a different perspective or more global view. Ità ¢â¬â¢s the personal perspective that affects our judgments, opinions and actions to a situation. Removal of the personal viewpoint gives us an unbiased way to make a decision that is fair. Removing past prejudices and moresRead MoreThe Sociological Perspective Of Sociology963 Words à |à 4 PagesAfter a careful study and a deeper research on an introduction to sociology, I have come to understand that no problem can be solved well enough if one does not have the sociological perspective which is defined as a way of looking at the world through a sociological lens. In fact, there is the need of the lens that will help one to view situations and have the eye to emerge through different views to solve that problem. This mirror has become a doorway that will help one to have a beginnerââ¬â¢s mindRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Of The Nineteenth Century1357 Words à |à 6 Pagesvast new possibilities of what they could achieve. Sociological imagination aims to understand the historical significance and the life of an individual person together as one element with C. Wright Mills claiming that ââ¬Å"the sociological imagination enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for the inner life and external career of a variety of individualsâ⬠. Mills coined the term ââ¬Ësociological imaginationââ¬â¢ and has been described as giving the clearest explanationRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination And Common Sense1648 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Sociological Imagination was a term that was first coined by sociologist C. Wright Mills. It could be said that definition of The Sociological Imagination is having the ability to look beyond personal experience and realise that society is shaped by the cross over between biography and history. Mills thought that everyone in society had the capability to think sociologically and that this was essential to gain a deeper und erstanding of both their society, and their current circumstance. ThisRead MoreSociology Essay1116 Words à |à 5 Pagesa new awareness of society.â⬠She adds that, ââ¬Å"the term sociology was coined by a French social thinker Auguste Comte (1798-1857).â⬠In the book, Thinking Sociology by Carl, sociology is defined as, ââ¬Å"a science guided by the basic understanding that the social matters: our lives are affected, not only by our individual characteristics, but by our place in the social world.â⬠Sociology should be studied using sociological imagination, ââ¬Å"the ability to look beyond the individual as the cause for successRead MoreA Study Of The Development, Structure, And Functioning Of Human Society909 Words à |à 4 Pagesand Public Issues). C. Wright Mills, an American sociologist, coined the term sociological imagination. Having this quality of the mind enables us to make sense of the intersection between history and biography and the relations between the two within society. This imagination is the ââ¬Å"capacity to range from the most impersonal and remote transformations to the most intimate features of the human selfâ⬠(Mills). Through the use of different sociologistââ¬â¢s sociological imagination, questions that aroseRead MoreThe Conflict Between Personal Experience And The Wider Society910 Words à |à 4 Pageshas been a common and natural feature of a city throughout the world. While the public perceptions of these ââ¬Å"undesirablesâ⬠are lazy, dangerous, and ignorant, it is not solely their fault and choice to be on the streets. Sociological imagination, as coined and defined by C. Wright Mills, is ââ¬Å"the vivid awareness of the relationship between personal experience and the wider societyâ⬠. Simply put, it is the ability to interpret situations and circumstances in terms of social context and understand how theyRead MoreSociology as a Perspective 1332 Words à |à 6 PagesSociologist argue that ââ¬Å"the sociological perspective is a way of thinking; a form of consciousness that challenges familiar understandings of ourselves and of others, so we can critically asses the truth commonly held assumptionsâ⬠(Micionis and Plummer 2008:10). This essay supports this statement by analysing and discussing the significance of sociological perspective in our everyday lives. According to Peter L. Berger sociological perspective is described as the link between societal events andRead Morecheat sheet1448 Words à |à 6 Pages1. The sociological perspective, as a way of thinking about the world, includes the sociological imagination from C. Wright Mills, the beginnerââ¬â¢s mind from Bernard McGrane, and the idea of culture shock from anthropology. Explain what all three of these concepts have in common. Response: All three of these concepts have in common are the idea of breaking down social barriers to gain a different perspective on culture people and behaviors. When a person is in a new area where the culture is differentRead MoreWhy You Are Performing Heart Surgery Or Scanning Grocery Items For A Living1665 Words à |à 7 Pagesto decide how to proceed. For example, if I was running late to class and knew of a shortcut to get me there in time, I may be inclined to use it. To me, the shortcut signifies me not running late. Herbert Blumer continued Meads work and actually coined the word Symbolic Interactionism to describe this theory of society. He proposed three tenets to explain symbolic interactionism. Let s say I decide to take the shortcut and started running to my class. Blumerââ¬â¢s first tenet was that we act based Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-84902173887863774532019-12-13T16:28:00.001-08:002019-12-13T16:28:04.617-08:00Role Of The Internet In Providing The Technical Environment Free Essays 1. à Explain the role of the Internet in providing the technical environment for businesses who manufacture new technologies and the advantages of it. Support your answers with real examples (at least three examples). We will write a custom essay sample on Role Of The Internet In Providing The Technical Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The modern world of technological advancement is associated with a number of improvements especially in business transactions. The use of information and communication technology as a tool of doing business incorporates the purpose of internet. A major advancement in technological advancement is the internet which has led to integration of business transactions across regions. Internet plays a very important role in creating technical environment for organizations that manufacture new technologies (Andrea, Andrew, Michael, 2003). The global interconnection of computer network through a protocol known as internet has an integrating force. The internet connects communication technology and computing to provide information necessary for business. Key roles of internet include research, sale of products and communication of a companyââ¬â¢s message to consumers. Businesses that manufacture new technologies conduct research via internet to acquire relevant information about their services. Example of research engines includes Linux, OpenOffice.org, and Mozilla Firefox used to provide information relating to business. Another role of internet is enhancement of personalized marketing that allows businesses manufacturing new technologies to market their products to specific people. Examples include My Space, Face Book, Orkut, Twitter and friendster. Communication about new technologies manufactured by businesses through advertisement is another role of the internet (Andrea, Andrew, Michael, 2003). The use of internet has certain advantages which include first; it is efficient due to low costs making it easily accessible to acquire relevant business information. Second, internet allows businesses manufacturing new technologies to do business fast. A third advantage of internet is that it provides businesses with the capacity to gather opinions about their products from end users and other professionals. Fourth, internet provides businesses manufacturing new technologies with the capacity of trying out new ideas necessary for improving performance of the business. 2. During this course (BA545 Emerging Technologies) we discussed Pull and Push technologies. Provide three examples of each, and talk about the advantages and disadvantages of Pull and Push technologies. Pull technologies requires the user of internet services to actively research and retrieve information necessary for research or any other stipulated purpose. The pull technology is a network communication style whereby request for data is initiated by the client and response provided by the server. Examples include the web, library and Usenet newsgroups. Advantages of pull technologies include acquisition of first hand information, encourages research and it is easy to use. On the other hand, disadvantages include high costs for conducting research, requires thorough training and failure to handle adequate bandwidth. Push technology on the other hand is an internet based communication style whereby request for information or any other internet service is initiated by the central server. It is based on information preferences which are expressed in advance. Examples include email, television and radio as they deliver information to the user. An advantage of push technologies includes ease of use as minimal effort is required by the recipient to receive information. The ease of use feature has made email a more preferable web site than any other internet applications. On the other hand a major draw back of push technologies is rapid exposure to technological problems, power failures and virus infections. 3. à You are a systems technologist working in a big Fortune 500 company. Advancement in technological development in the field of business is one of the most critical aspects of the market. Computers have changed the way of doing business from manual operations to electronic trading called e-commerce. This is one of the best achievements in the current trends of technology which has led to improvement in business performance. A close look of electronic commerce gives an overview of how technology has led to integration of markets. The use of internet which connects computers through application of protocols helps traders from different geographical locations to carry on business without movement. Through the aspect of globalization, current technological trends have made the exchange of goods and services to be easy and effective. Technology has made it easy for organizations to advertise their products through the internet hence capturing global markets (Andrea, Andrew, Michael, 2003). This has led to an increase in volumes traded hence leading to high profitability. Sales are made online through the help of technology and this helps to cut down some costs and saves time. A company using e-commerce has to ensure that it has up-to-speed systems in the aspect of databases, network security and payment methods. Databases are essentials in a company that uses technology to carry on with its operations. The company is supposed to ensure that its systems are efficient to avoid losses and satisfy customer needs. A company using technology is supposed to frequently check on its systems for any technological problems. This helps to maintain efficient and up to speed system which helps to avoid wastage of resources and time. Online payment of goods and services is one of the most critical aspects enhanced by technology that needs high speed systems. This can be enhanced through the use of wire transfer which ensures that money is received on time. Doing business transactions online require adoption of strong security measures that prevents loss of information and other resources such as money. The use of passwords to access accounts is a major security measure that can be used by organizations. Encryption of information is another important network security consideration.à This helps to deal with hackers as they are protected from accessing accounts of the company and other important business information. 4.à à à à à You are an Information Systems educator, and you have been asked to write an article about emerging technologies and how important it is to be prepared to adapt to new technologies (on-time), and the efforts and expenses businesses are likely to spend. Include at least four examples of emerging technologies. The development of technology in the modern world has led to emergence of certain technologies applied in certain aspects of life. This has drastically changed the way of life in positive and negative aspects. Nearly every activity in organizations, government offices, institutions, homes, health centers and hospitality industry is carried through the use of information systems. Some key emerging technologies include communication, transportation, bioinformatics and entertainment (Andrea, Andrew, Michael, 2003). These key areas of development have been enhanced by application of information technology systems. In communication, technology has made it possible for individuals to pass information across long distances within a short period of time. This includes the use of mobile phones, electronic mails, fax and social networks such as Face book. The mode of communication has completely changed due to technological advancements. Transportation technology is another key development that has made movement of goods and people to be more easy and cheap. Developments in air space and road transport systems as a result of technology have made transportation more cheap and easy. Bioinformatics includes the aspects of genetic engineering and photosynthesis which has led to increased level of production. The entertainment sector has changed since the development of information systems. The use of televisions, radio, computers and other electronic gadgets have led to a change in entertainment field. The changes resulting from technological advancement calls for proper arrangement by individuals within the key sectors affected. It is important to be prepared about the changes so as to avoid making losses and face the challenges associated with new inventions.à Businesses have to take appropriate measures on time such as communicating to customers about the changes to avoid embarrassment (Andrea, Andrew, Michael, 2003). Embracing new technologies by businesses results to creation of more expenses such as training, purchase, maintenance, installation and inconvenience costs. Business owners have to be prepared to deal with such costs for better performance of organizations. Reference Andrea, P., Andrew, D. Michael, H. (2003). The Business of Systems Integration. Oxford: Oxford University Press How to cite Role Of The Internet In Providing The Technical Environment, Essay examples Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-75378110509660674472019-12-05T12:48:00.001-08:002019-12-05T12:48:03.479-08:00Financial Management Common Stock Valuation Models Question: Describe about the Financial Management for Common Stock Valuation Models. Answer: 1: Portfolio Valuation a) Covariance between shares: Correlation = Covariance of both stock return / (SD of stock 1 * SD of stock 2) -0.3 = Covariance of both stock return / (18% * 32%) Covariance of both stock return = -0.3 * (18% * 32%) Covariance of both stock return = -0.01728 b) Expected return and SD of the portfolio: Expected return from the portfolio: Expected return= w1R1+ w2R2 Expected return= (35% * 12%)+ (65% * 24%) Expected return= 4.2%+ 15.6% Expected return= 19.80% Standard Deviation from the portfolio: Variance = [(w12R12) + (w12R12) + (2* R1 * R2 *CovR1R2) Variance = [(((35%)^2)*((18%)^2))+(((65%)^2)*((32%)^2))+(2 * 35% * 65% * -0.01728)] Variance = 3.94% Standard Deviation = Variance Standard Deviation = 3.94% Standard Deviation = 19.84% c) Depicting the weight of portfolio: Weighted of Jay shares: Expected return= (R1 R2) / R2 15.60%= W1 * (12% 24%) / 24% W1 = 70% Weighted of Kay shares: Expected return= (R2 R1) / R1 15.60%= W2 * (24% 12%) / 12% W1 = 30% d) Calculating the variance and SD of the portfolio: Variance = [(w12R12) + (w12R12) + (2* R1 * R2 *CovR1R2) Variance = [(((70%)^2)*((18%)^2))+(((30%)^2)*((32%)^2))+(2 * 70% * 30% * -0.01728)] Variance = 1.78% Standard Deviation = Variance Standard Deviation = 1.78% Standard Deviation = 13.35% 2: Bond Valuation a) Calculating the Market price of each bond: Bond A B C Total Period 5 10 8 Yield Rate 7.50% 7.50% 7.50% Half Year Coupon Rate 6.50% Coupon Payment 0 65 55 Coupon Rate p.a. 0% 5.50% No. of Coupon Payments 0 20 8 Half Yearly Yield Rate 3.75% 3.75% Face Value 1000 1000 1000 Market Price of Bonds 1000 1382.15 882.85 b) Classifying the bond on premium, par, or discount: The Face value and market value of Bond A has not changed, which only depicts the bond as At Par. In addition, the Bond Bs market value is higher than its face value, which depicts that the bond classification as At Premium. Furthermore, Bond Cs market value is lower than its face value, which classifies the bond as At Discount. c) Depicting the number of bond that needs to be issued by Jasmine for raising the capital: Total number for Bond sales = Total capital requirement / Bond B market price Total number for Bond sales = $465260 / 1382.15 Total number for Bond sales = 337 In addition, Jasmine needs to sell around 337 of Bond B to attain the capital of $465,260. 3: Share valuation a) Depicting the current market price of NoChange Ltd with no growth potential: Zero growth dividend model = Dividend / (Discounting rate) Zero growth dividend model = $4.25 / 10% Zero growth dividend model = $42.5 b) Depicting the current market price of ConstantGrowth Ltd with growth potential: Constant growth dividend model = Future Dividend / (Discounting rate Growth rate) Constant growth dividend model = (Current dividend * Growth rate) / (Discounting rate Growth rate) Constant growth dividend model = ($4.25 * 4%) / (10% - 4%) Constant growth dividend model = $73.67 c) Depicting the current market price of SteadyGrowth Ltd: Steady growth dividend model = Future Dividend / (Discounting rate Growth rate) Steady growth dividend model = $4.25 / (10% - 4%) Steady growth dividend model = $70.83 d) Depicting the current market price of SuperGrwoth Ltd: The super normal growth for three years D1 = $4.25 * 1.12 = $4.76 D2 = $4.76 * 1.12 = $5.3312 D3 = $5.3312 * 1.12 = $5.970944 ) / (0.10 - 0.04) P3 = $103.496 After three years, steady growth rate of 4% P3 = D3 * (1 + g) / (R - g) P3 = ($5.970944 * 1.04 Present valuation of the share price: P0 = D1 / (1+R)1 + D2 / (1+R)1/2 + D3 / (1+R) 1/3 + P3 / (1+R) 1/3 P0 = $4.76 / (1.10) + $5.3312 / (1.10) 1/2 + $5.970944 / (1.10) 1/2 + $103.496 / (1.10)3 P0 = 4.3272 + 4.406 + 4.486 + 77.7581 P0 = $90.977 e) Depicting the current market price of QuickGrowth Ltd: The super normal growth for three years D1 = 4.25 D2 = $4.25 * 1.12 = $4.76 D3 = $4.76 * 1.12 = $5.3312 D4 = $5.3312 * 1.12 = $5.970944 After three years, steady growth rate of 4% P4 = D4 * (1 + g) / (R - g) P4 = ($5.970944 * 1.04) / (0.10 - 0.04) P4 = $103.496 Present valuation of the share price: P0 = D1 / (1+R) + D2 / (1+R)1/2 + D3 / (1+R)1/3 + D4 / (1+R)1/4 + P4 / (1+R)1/4 P0 = $4.25 / (1.10) + $4.76 / (.10)1/2 + $5.3312 / (.10) 1/3 + $5.970944 / (.10) 1/4 + $103.496 / (.10) 1/4 P0 = 3.8636 + 3.93388 + 4.0054 + 4.0782 + 70.689 P0 = $86.57033 Conclusion: The overall report mainly helps in depicting the calculation of bond valuation, portfolio valuation and share price valuation. In addition, the novice with the help of effective formula was able to complete the assignments requirements. Furthermore, the understanding of calculations mainly help in providing the working for different calculations. Recommendation: The calculation of bond valuation, portfolio valuation and share price valuation could be effective used by the novice for detecting the prices of a security. In addition, these formulas could be applied in the real world for determining the risk and return, which could be generated from a particular investment. Bibliography: Anderson, R.N. and Haslem, J.A., 2015. Common Stock Valuation Models: Estimation of the Discount Rate Using the Geometric-Mean Criterion.Baylor Business Studies,7(2), pp.41-45. Ballotta, L. and Kyriakou, I., 2015. Convertible bond valuation in a jump diffusion setting with stochastic interest rates.Quantitative Finance,15(1), pp.115-129. Berthelot, S., Francoeur, C. and Labelle, R., 2012. Corporate governance mechanisms, accounting results and stock valuation in Canada.International Journal of Managerial Finance,8(4), pp.332-343. Brada, J., 2014. Use of Forward Interest Rates and Forward Exchange Rates for the Valuation of Currency-Interest Rate Derivatives.ÃâÃ
âesk finanÃâà n a Ãâà etn Ãâà asopis,2014(1). Cici, G., Kempf, A. and Ptz, A., 2013, May. The valuation of hedge funds' equity positions. InAFA 2012 Chicago Meetings Paper. Entrop, O., Peters, C. and Wilkens, M., 2014. Open-End Knock-Outs on Bond Futures: Valuation, Properties and Estimation of Hidden Profit Drivers.Properties and Estimation of Hidden Profit Drivers (April 21, 2014). Guojun, W., Donghua, C. and Dequan, J., 2014. Does Differentiated Dividend Tax Affect Stock Valuation?.Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences,4, p.004. Iacob, M.E., Quartel, D. and Jonkers, H., 2012, September. Capturing business strategy and value in enterprise architecture to support portfolio valuation. InEnterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC), 2012 IEEE 16th International(pp. 11-20). IEEE. Parrino, R, Kidwell, D, Au Yong, H, Morkel-Kingsbury, N, Dempsey, M and Murray, J 2011, Fundamentals of corporate finance, 1st edn, Wiley, Sydney. Quartel, D., Steen, M.W. and Lankhorst, M.M., 2012. Application and project portfolio valuation using enterprise architecture and business requirements modelling.Enterprise Information Systems,6(2), pp.189-213. Tian, Y., Rood, R. and Oosterlee, C.W., 2013. Efficient portfolio valuation incorporating liquidity risk.Quantitative Finance,13(10), pp.1575-1586. Vicente, M., Gama, N. and da Silva, M.M., 2013, September. The value of itil in enterprise architecture. InEnterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC), 2013 17th IEEE International(pp. 147-152). IEEE. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-18244569238851843682019-11-28T15:04:00.001-08:002019-11-28T15:04:03.528-08:00Doe Essays - Erin Hannon, NYPD Blue, Deer In Mythology, Doe Season By Kaplan "Doe Season," David Kaplan uses symbolism to carry Andy through her rite of passage into womanhood. I. Andy is unknowing as she ventures out on a hunting trip with her father. A. She leaves at night and arrives at her destination early in the morning. B. She comments on the space between where she was and the moon. II. Andy is maturing slowly as the story progresses. A. Andy carries her own pack. B. She drinks coffee imitating her father (holding the cup like he does.). C. Andy volunteers to go out alone to gather firewood. III. Andy has matured to the point of womanhood and is learning acceptance of herself. A. After Andy shot the deer, she had a dream that her hand was inside the bullet hole and the wound closed around her hand. B. Andy ran while her father was gutting the deer and no longer answered to Andy but Andrea. Published in 1985, David Kaplan's short story "Doe Season" is set in the Pennsylvania woods. This story reveals the trials and tribulations Andy, a dynamic character, goes through to reach her final destination of womanhood. Throughout "Doe Season," David Kaplan uses symbolism to carry Andy through her rite of passage into womanhood. Andy is unknowing as she ventures out on a hunting trip with her father. Early in the morning, Andy and her father are awaiting the arrival Mac and his son Charlie. The four of them are going hunting in the woods. Mac and Charlie finally arrive. After loading the car, the four of them begin their way into the woods. The woods were only several miles behind her house, but "it was like thinking of the space between here and the moon" (342). At daybreak, Andy awoke to find them riding over gentle hills in the Pennsylvania valley. They were almost there. It was almost time to begin hunting. The first portion of a rite of passage story is the character going into or approaching the unknown. In "Doe Season," the unknown is the woods. Andy and the crew leave when it is still dark out and arrive when it is daybreak. This symbolizes a new thing or a big change is going to occur. Later in the story, we learn of the big change that has occurred. Andy is maturing as the story progresses. As the crew first arrives at their destination, everyone is getting their gear ready. Andy carries her own pack. She also says to Mac, "I can carry a pack as big as yours any day" (344). This symbolizes that she is growing up and can do things for herself. After the group hunts for a bit, they stop to eat lunch. At lunch, the group eats bean soup prepared by Andy's mother. As Andy washed the lunch dishes, Charlie and her father drank a few swigs of some Jim Beam. Then they all had coffee, even Andy. Andy drank the coffee imitating the way her father held the cup, noting that it was not by the handle but around the rim (345). She also noticed the coffee tasted smoky, but drank it all anyway. Following the coffee, the group began to hunt again. A few hours later, they stopped again, this time for dinner. While Andy was unpacking the food and preparing for dinner, the men of the group were busy setting up the tents. Andy then volunteers to go out alone to gather wood to start a fire (346). After dinner, the four of them went to sleep for the night. Charlie, Mac, Andy and her father awoke the next morning before the light of day. They all went hunting again. Andy spotted the first deer. The group was making plenty of noise, but the deer did not run away. Her father wanted Andy to shoot the deer, but Charlie argued that she probably couldn't shoot the gun on her own. Andy, a little hesitant, did shoot the deer on her own. She hit the deer where the legs met the chest. The deer fell but did not stay down. It got up and walked away. As the deer walked away Andy prayed that it would die. She did not want it to suffer. She was almost in tears as she thought these thoughts. The group ended their adventure for the night. Andy has matured to the point of womanhood and is learning the acceptance of herself. While everyone was asleep, Andy had a dream. She got up out Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-42387149207515715042019-11-24T22:38:00.001-08:002019-11-24T22:38:04.921-08:00The Good Deed essaysThe Good Deed essays The Good Deed Many people do good deeds for a wide variety of reasons. A good deed is helping someone without looking for a reward or a pat on the back. Think about how much one receives and consider volunteering to help someone, keep busy, repay a dept, or just for fun! No matter what, it will feel good after helping another. In my case I choose to help the R.O.T.C. with the Shepherd Center and the Salvation Army for the Doll and Toy Fund For some strange reason I thought it would be a great idea to help famlies in need. Sure I have donated money for Adopt a Child in class around Christmas time but getting to actually see the kids pick and receive their presents, this would be an When I got up Saturday morning to go to Bolton I thought this would be the easiest yet most wonderful thing I've ever done in my life. I thought wrong. When I got to the school there was people wrapped around the building and cars everywhere. I proceeded to walk into the boys gym lobby where there were tons of unopened boxes of toys everywhere. I grabbed the box cutter and started opening boxes. After all the boxes were opened, Angela and I started making displays with the Easy Bake Ovens and all the collectable Barbies. I wasn't so bitter anymore I was starting to have fun. About nine thirty we opened the doors and families started to pour into the lobby. Some parents that came in had five and six children that came in with them. While at the same time some parents came alone came alone so the kids Christmas presents would be a surprise. At first I helped hand out the toys at the table. The little boys seemed to really like the cool looking remote control PT Land Cruisers. Maybe that's why they were all gone by ten o'clock. Then I ha ... Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-53481972281900773702019-11-21T08:24:00.001-08:002019-11-21T08:24:13.384-08:00Windows Communication Foundation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsWindows Communication Foundation - Essay Example The essay "Windows Communication Foundation" describes the opportunities of windows communication foundation usage - the main part of the .NET Framework. Microsoft developed WCF as a set of business standards to define service communications. However basically, WCF is a small method used in new .NET, as a method of writing computer applications. However, we can take benefit of built-in characteristics service hosting, asynchronous calls, instance management, reliability, synchronization, disconnected queued calls, transaction management, security plus rising technologies similar to cloud computing, and the Windows Azure. Windows Communication foundation includes service-oriented architecture standards to uphold distributed computing where services are dedicated to clients. The clients are able to make use of multiple services, as well as services, are able to be consumed by multiple clients. Additionally, a service endpoint is the main element of a constantly obtainable service hosted by IIS, or it can be a service hosted by a system application. In addition, an endpoint can be a client of a service that requests data from a service endpoint. The communication messages are distributed as easily as a single word or character transmitted like XML, or like complex as a stream of binary data. WCF comprises the following group of features like service orientation, interoperability, multiple message patterns, service metadata, security, multiple transportations and encodings, transactions, AJAX and REST Support and extensibility. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-76601442977512151172019-11-20T11:36:00.001-08:002019-11-20T11:36:06.545-08:00'The law related to cases of mistaken identity illustrates a tension Essay'The law related to cases of mistaken identity illustrates a tension between calls for certainty and calls for fairness'. Discuss - Essay Example It may be argued that methods to find the truth are not supplementary to each other and these should not be so, because there is nothing absolute. But at the same time mere insistence on any one of these methods could be disastrous. Cases as to mistaken identity, whatever the reason for the same may be, had resulted in number of convictions of innocent people in past and decisions of jury on question of fact has been questioned. No doubt, there was a time when eye witness was the only source to prove an occurrence of crime as well as the identity of the criminal, but today, it is not the case. DNA testing, audio visual aids, scientific investigatory gadgets like GPS etc. have provided additional complimentary tools to prove or unprove the guilt and these are attracting attention of jurists and law. The same is indicating a switch toward call for certainty rather than call for fairness in criminal procedures and establishment of guilt. Fairness implies that all rights of the accused in connection with the trails are secured. Defendant is provided a fair chance to prove his innocence by defending himself and contradicting the evidences provided by the prosecution. It also indicates consistency in application of law and non discriminatory attitude towards the parties. However, capacity of jury to make informed judgment about the fact of an incident and involvement of accused is largely dependant on evidence and its presentation by the attorneys on both sides. There might be all fairness on part of jury as it is based on proofs and testimonies of witnesses but can this fairness removes all the chances of wrong convictions? The answer is ââ¬ËNOââ¬â¢. There are always chances of wrong decisions and thus wrong convictions. So should there be any step further towards ascertainment of facts? The answer is definitely in affirmation. Fairness is not all about application of law and procedures in fair way, but also introduction of fair laws and procedures. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-45434032572246576742019-11-18T05:33:00.001-08:002019-11-18T05:33:03.398-08:00Automobile production chain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsAutomobile production chain - Essay Example This paper aims to discuss how globalization exactly impacted this process. First, in the automobile production process, the component which has the greatest impact on whether the automobile will became a success in the marketplace is the deign stage of the production chain. In here engineers, suppliers, marketers, distributors, and even customers collaborate to create a new automobile. After the specifications of the new car, a prototype is created to validate the assumptions made by the design team. After the prototype, the parts for the new automobile product will be sourced. In sourcing out the necessary components, close coordination between and among the third-, second-, and first-tier suppliers, company, production staff, and the design team is necessary to pave the way for an efficient assembly line for the product. After the final assembly, the company coordinates with its distribution networks to create an effective and efficient distribution programs for the car to reach the end consumers or the consumers to be able to reach the car. In the above production chain, almost all its stages are affected by globalization; however such impacts were driven by different factors for each of the production chin stages. For example, "major auto assemblers invested heavily in the emerging markets, building new capacity and modernizing existing plants" (Humprey 2003, p. 121) because of cost reduction possibilities (for the final assembly chain), for the long-term growth prospects (for the distribution chain), and many more. On the other hand, the assembly and component manufacturing portion of chain is the most global process. In the assembly and component manufacture, the economic activities of organizations across national boundaries are well coordinated. Never have we seen a single economic activity so global it is now impossible to create an automobile just from the economic resources of a single nation (Liu, Sui & Gu 2008, p. 11). As Sturgeon, van Biesebroeck and Gereffi said, "the world automotive industry, like many others, is in the midst of a profound transition. Since the mid-1980s, it has been shifting from a series of discrete national industries to a more integrated global industry" (2008, p. 302). An impact of the increasing globalization of the automobile industry on the production chain is the creation of affiliated design centers and centralization of the heavy engineering work of vehicle development (Sturgeon, van Biesebroeck & Gereffi 2008, p. 302). In terms of the usual distant relationship of the automobile manufacturer with its suppliers, this is no longer the case now. In Thailand for example, the foreign manufacturers spend constant effort in developing the local suppliers by offering resources, training, feedback and solutions (Petison & Johri 2008, p. 76). Such support had enabled some local automobile parts suppliers to become global as in the case of Brazil (Grisis & Ribeiro 2004, p. 415). In some places, this close coordination had resulted in the creation of supplier parks either as a modular consortium or industrial condominium (Morris, Donnelly & Donnelly 2004, p. 129; Howard & Squire 2007, p. 1192). As the business environment of the automotive industry becomes more and more global, so as does the complexity of this environment (Li & Chandra 2007). Geffen and Rothenberg observed that "[a]utomobile assembly plants worldwide face increasing pressures in the environmental arena" Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6974302307412900690.post-61255358623492137602019-11-15T18:05:00.001-08:002019-11-15T18:05:10.515-08:00Mill And Taylor On Equality And Marriage Philosophy EssayMill And Taylor On Equality And Marriage Philosophy Essay John Stuart Mills The Subjection of Women is an argument in favor of political equality between the sexes. He claims that no society could hope to approach justice so long as half its people were in subjection and laments that women were deprived of freedom and dignity. In this paper we argue that the perfect equality between the sexes, which Mill calls for in the first paragraph of The Subjection, is vitiated by his views on the position of women in marriage and family. In section I, we show that perfect equality is consonant with his liberal philosophy in On Liberty. In section II, we show that his views on marriage and family make his equality imperfect. If Mills position on perfect equality is correct, and his liberal political philosophy argues that it is, then he drew the wrong consequences for marriage and family. In section III, we show that Harriet Taylor, in The Enfranchisement of Women, drew more egalitarian consequences for family life. I According to Mill happiness is the center of the moral life, the most desirable goal of human conduct. His utilitarian goal, the greatest happiness for the greatest number, cannot be realized apart from the greatest possible moral and intellectual advancement of the human race. Consequently, one of the principal purposes of social and political institutions is to develop human potential to the highest possible stage. Laws and social arrangements should connect the happiness of every individual with the common good. Education and public opinion, which form human character, should be used to establish individual happiness and thereby the good of all. In On Liberty, Mill presents a theory of human nature which stresses individuality and self-development as characteristic traits of a progressive individual, which is what a good society should foster. Individuals ought to derive their views from experience and develop them with reason; they should seek truth, not follow dogma. Only human beings can strive for truth and attain dignity, the ideal and mark of the progressive individual, who epitomizes the dignity of a thinking being, who seeks truth rationally and exercises conscious choice among alternatives, rather then blindly following custom or prejudice. It is such an autonomous individual who expresses individuality, creativity, originality, and self-developmentanything less than truth seeking makes one less than a human person. Machines can reproduce good copies, but this is not true of humans. An individual would not have personal worth if forced to copy a good model, for the notion of conscious choice between alternatives wou ld be lost. This is central to Mill: our ideas and our characters are the products of our own choice. Mills argument for civil and social liberty is firmly based on the notion of utility in the largest sense, grounded on the permanent interests of man as a progressive being. (1) Mill uses man in the generic sense and is concerned throughout with the individual-the person, the human being, the citizen-irrespective of gender. In Chapter 3, he cites Wilhelm von Humbolts view that the end of manà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦is the highest and most harmonious development of his powers to a complete and consistent whole. (2) and for this, freedom and variety of situation are necessary. Early in The Subjection Mill makes it clear that the existing relations between the sexes violate principles of freedom and justice. The principle of subordination of one sex to the other is wrong in itself, (3) and should be replaced by a principle of perfect equality. In Happiness, Freedom, and Justice Fred Berger claims that Mill does not advocate strict equality but rather that there is no basis for differential treatment. Instead, rewards and punishments should be apportioned according to desert. There may be areas where some will exercise power over others, but policy requires that competence be the basis for higher status. What this means is that the system of male domination over females violates a basic principle of justice because regard and advantage are based on birth, not merit or personal exertion. (4) Mill denounces the injustice of denying to women the equal moral right to choose their occupations: Would it be consistent with justice to refuse them their fair Share of honor and distinction, or to deny them the equal Moral right of all human beings to choose their own occupations (short of injury to others) according to their own preference, at their own risks? (5) His expanded utilitarianism stresses that the importance of the change toward sexual equality would benefit individuals and society. By implementing sexual equality, there would be a doubling of mental faculties available for the higher service of humanity. He puts the argument in terms of the waste involved in a society that refuses to use one half of the talent it possesses. It is not only freedom but also the opportunity to do something useful that is required for the development of individuals. Mills conception of the nature and needs of the individual human being emerges clearly: If there is anything vitally important to the happiness of human beings, it is that they should relish their habitual pursuitsà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦.Few persons are aware of the great amount of unhappiness producedà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦by the feeling of wasted lifeà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦. Every restraint on the freedom of conduct of any of their fellow human creaturesà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦dries upà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦the principal fountain of human happiness, and leaves the species less richà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦in all that makes life valuable to the individual human being. (6) It is this idealistic conception of the nature and needs of the individual human being, and its integral relation to happiness, that is the ultimate justification of Mills argument against the unjust and arbitrary situation of the subjection of women. His conception of the individual is thus the ultimate justification of Mills case for sexual equality. This presupposes that women, as well as men, given better education and more opportunities, will flourish and be happy living a life in which they can freely and usefully exercise their talents. II Subjection is being under the power and control of another in a state of obedience and submissiveness. Mill argues that patriarchy, the subjection of women to men, is a theory unsupported by experience because no other principle has ever been tried. Patriarchy is not the result of fair experiment, trial, and refutation. (7) The adoption of a system of inequality was not the result of any deliberation or forethought but arose from the physical power of men over women. Mill contends that womens smaller degree of muscular strength renders them subject to the principle of force: in less advanced societies it is expressed as might makes right, (8) and in civilized cultures as paternalism. Paternalism is subtler since control by men is based on chivalry and generosity. Bribery and intimidation are used instead of brutality to secure obedience; deference and gratitude for protection render women economically and morally dependent on men. The law completes the intimidation with discriminatory statutes. Like other forms of slavery and domination, patriarchy serves the interests of the dominant. Only one could be king and only a few owned slaves, but every man could dominate women. Power is nice, especially over those closely tied to ones interests, and it is also gratifying when one has so little power over larg er social matters. (We may be powerless over the environment, the economy, or nuclear war, but at least we have some power-over women.) Women are in a peculiarly bad position since, unlike slaves and workers, they are more dispersed and isolated, which makes them more difficult to organize. Further, men want more than mere obedience; they want women to be happy in the process. (9) Not only is the superiority of patriarchy unsupported by experience, but the entire course of human progress provides evidence against a principle of inequality. In past societies people were born to roles, positions, and stations. The salient feature of modern societies is the idea that people should be free to employ their faculties and to choose their roles, positions, and stations. It is not that all processes are supposed to be equally good, or all persons to be equally qualified for everything; but that freedom of individual choice is now known to be the only thing which procures the adoption of the best processes, and throws each operation into the hands of those who are best qualified for it. (10) Even if women are, as a group, less strong than men, there are many exceptional and overlapping cases. Any sex-biased social policy that excluded women is an injustice to those who can perform the task. The subordination of women stands out as a glaring injustice in modern society, a breach of what has become a fundamental rule, a relic of an old-world of thought and practice. Since we have tried only the principle of domination, we cannot argue for it from comparative experience. For the same reason, that we have tried only domination, we cannot argue for it by appealing to the nature of women. Since we have not seen women in different social arrangements, we do not know what their nature is. What is now called the nature of women is an eminently artificial thing-the result of forced repression in some direction, unnatural stimulation in others. (11) Mill insists that nobody is in a position to know anything about womens nature because so far we have not seen anything that we could call natural; all we have seen is manifestations of the altogether understandable desire to conform to a stereotype. We do know a great deal more about psychology today but nowhere near enough to answer with certainty the questions of human nature. However, what we do know suggests that the differences that relate to political equality are largely socially conditioned. But suppose we discover the contrary, that women are fitted by nature for subordinate social roles. Could this be used as an argument to support social policies of domination? Such arguments, although surprisingly common, are incoherent. If women are fitted for those roles by nature, restrictive social policies are unnecessary. This is Mills coup de grace. What he argues for is a society without such restrictions, a society of perfect equality where every individual, regardless of sex, is free to choose his or her own role on the basis of individual talents and exertion. III Though Mill was overtly arguing for womens right to self-development and the assertion of their human capacities, their functions in the household remained unrevised in his thought: he advocates freedom of choice but favors the traditional division of labor within the family. It cannot be casually dismissed as an acceptable tension between advocacy of sexual equality in the area of civil rights for women, and simultaneously an implicit acceptance of traditional sex roles. Mill believes that women ought to have a choice of career or marriage but assumes that the majority of women are likely to continue to prefer marriage and that this choice is the equivalent of choosing a career. Unless equality extends to the family, however, Mills perfect equality between the sexes is limited. Although Mill urges that the shackles of custom be lifted from unmarried women and from women whose children have grown up and left home, he complacently relies on such custom to keep married women in their place. (12) The sex-based division of labor within marriage can be safely trusted to social opinion, which rightly directed will support it; women will by and large continue to prefer the one vocation to which there is no competition; and thus continue to perform those tasks which cannot be filled by others, orà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦[which] others do not think worthy of acceptance. (13) If it is customary for women to be child-rearers, and if, on the basis of their nature, society assigns this role to women, then it seems that being born female does affect their opportunities and prescribes choices throughout a considerable part of their lives. Their education, for example, will be affected by this customary destiny. Hence, demands for sexual equality become problematic. Mill falls prey to the same argument from nature that he criticizes. Mill argues in favor of equal property rights for married women, rights to property inherited or earned by the woman herself, not rights to equal shares in family income. According to Mill, The rule is simple; whatever would be the husbands or wifes if they were not married, should be under their exclusive control during marriage. (14) Hence, the income of the male earner is his, as much after marriage as before; Mill does not seem to recognize that since womens work in the home is unpaid labor, their freedom of choice is severely restricted and equality becomes a sham. (15) Harriet Taylors Enfranchisement of Women takes a stronger stand: women must earn a living because if they do, their position in society and the family would improve significantly. (16) Mill agrees that married women must be able to support themselves, but he explicitly rejects the idea that they should actually do so because it is liable to lead to the neglect of the household and children. Consequently, Taylors view is more attuned to present day feminism than Mills. She recognizes, as he does not, the importance to women of continuous economic independence, both within the marriage and in case of its disintegration. The Enfranchisement is more radical and speaks more strongly than the Subjection in favor of the married womens need to have a life and career of their own and be more than a mere appendage of a man, attached to him for the purpose of bringing up his children and making his home pleasant. Liberals such as Mill proposed that each individual should be able to rise in society just as far as her or his talents permit, unhindered by restraints of law or custom. What qualities should count as talents and how they should be regarded is to be determined by the support of and demand for those talents within the market economy. In order to guarantee that the most genuinely talented individuals are identified, it is necessary to ensure that everyone has an equal opportunity to develop his or her talents. Women discover self-respect and equality of standing with men only if they earn an income. This seems much more important to a sound relationship between the sexes than mere economic improvement in the family. Mills timid assertion that women should draw self-respect from an ability to earn, of which in fact they make no use, when married is sentimental; Taylor is more aware of the realities of power. If women as wives will largely be confined to the small circle of family, they will find it hard to use their vote to protect their interests. Women will not be able to learn what their interests are without experience outside domestic life. For Mill it is unthinkable that men would want to manage their households and care for their children. Yet the jobs need doing. Since women who bear children and live in the household will have a natural interest in doing the job well, they will do a better job than uninterested hired hands. The solution, according to Mill, is to keep up the public opinion that teaches women that if they marry, they are freely choosing the duties of the family mistress. Mills defense of traditional sex roles within the family amounts to a denial of freedom of opportunity and individual expression of talents to the majority of women who he assumes would always choose to marry. Mill is aware that care of a household is an incessantly preoccupying duty, and that this is a major reason why, comparatively, women lack achievement in the arts and sciences; in fact, he condones the continuance of this barrier for most women. Mill refuses to concede that the tiresome details of domestic life should be shared by both sexes, and his failure to question the social institutions that make such sharing practically impossible is interesting because he recognizes that the principal means by which the world recognizes equals is by success in fields monopolized by men. The only way of dispelling prejudicial beliefs about womens inferiority is proof by examples. If a majority of women are going to remain practically, if not legally barred from such achievements, how wi ll deep-seated prejudices change? The Enfranchisement is both frank and clear about the claim that liberation will lead to greater happiness for women. Even if women in general do not experience frustration or feel that their position is intolerable, this cannot be used to argue for the status quo. Taylor claims, for example, that Asian women do not mind being in purdah and that they find the thought of going about freely shocking. However, this does not mean that they should not be liberated from seclusion, or that they would not appreciate freedom once they had it. Custom hardens people: it prompts them to adhere to situations by deadening that part of their nature that would resist it. How does the objector know that women do not desire equality and freedom? (17) It would be overly simple to suppose that if they do desire it, they would say so. Taylor claims their position is like that of the tenants or labourers who vote against their own political interests to please their landlords or employers; with the unique addition, that submission [for women] is inculcated in them from childhood, as the peculiar grace and attraction of their character. (18) Taylor is not committing the brutal political fallacy of discounting peoples expressed desires in favor of those they would have if their natural selves (according to the privileged ideology) had not been corrupted. (19) She is not suggesting that any restrictions be imposed; she is arguing that restrictions be lifted so that people can pursue and satisfy their desires. It is because of his assumptions and convictions about the family and its traditional role that Mills feminism falls short of advocating true equality and freedom for married women. Although he does reject the legalized inequalities of its patriarchal form, he regards the family itself as essential for humanity and assures his readers that the family has nothing to lose, but much to gain, from the complete political and civil equality of the sexes. Mill attempts to apply the principle of liberalism to women. He eschews patriarchy within the family and views the legal and political subordination of women as anachronisms in the modern age, a gross violations of liberty and justice. However, although Mill is a forward-looking feminist in many ways, he fails to perceive the injustice involved in situations and practices which allow a man to have a career and economic independence, and a home life and children, but which force women to choose between the two. It is Mills failure to questi on the traditional family and its demands on women which limits his liberal feminism. Mill thought equalizing access to the vote, to property, to education, and to public occupations was enough, but he underestimated the importance of economic power, as well as revisions of the roles in the family. Merely providing more equal opportunities for women outside the family would not suffice, without revision of the underlying structures-both private and public-that reinforced and perpetuated the very subjection of women that the essay was denouncing. In the Subjection Mill is genuinely concerned about the harm caused by men to women behind the closed doors of the family home. The government could act, not to restrict the behavior of individuals, but to promote the development of progressive individuality. If one takes liberty seriously, however, state intervention may well be required to secure its conditions. This would be a matter of justice, for it would be wrong to deprive women of the necessary conditions of freedom, of independence, of equal opportunity. Genuine equality of opportunity requires radical change in the way women are raised and educated and in social opinion about their proper place. If women are to have equal freedom of opportunity, they cannot be channeled by education, public opinion, and the economic structure into the belief that they have but one useful vocation in life-dutiful mother and obedient wife. We must instead restructure our social institutions for the free development of originality in women as well as in men. It may seem a bit unfair to criticize Mill. He wrote the Subjection over a hundred years ago and his views and personal behavior were far in advance of his time. He also made it poignantly clear in his Autobiography that his intellectual debt to both his wife and daughter was great. But in the Enfranchisement Taylor shows that she was aware of the shortcomings: with respect to the place of women in marriage and the family Mill held views far less liberal than what follows from his general political position. Feminists have ranged far into biology and psychology, history and anthropology, religion and literature. They have offered a myriad of alternative lifestyles and social systems. But with the exception of his discussion on marriage and the family, no one has articulated the fundamental feminist case as clearly or argued it as well as John Stuart Mill: The object of this Essay is to explain as clearly as I am able, the grounds of an opinion which I have held from the very earliest period when I formed any opinions at all on social or political matters, and which, instead of being weakened or modified, had been constantly growing stronger by the progress of reflection and the experience of life: That the principle which regulates the existing social relations between the two sexes-the legal subordination of one sex to the other-is wrong in itself, and now one of the chief hindrances to human improvement; and that it ought to be replaced by a principle of perfect equality, admitting no power or privilege on the one side, nor disability on the other. (20) [Emphasis added.] Lynn Gordon and David Louzecky University of Wisconsin Colleges NOTES Mill. On Liberty, 70. In On Rawls On Mill On Liberty and so on, Marcus Singer claims that the views presented in On Liberty are so strongly influenced by Harriet Taylor that they are fundamentally different from Mills own views in Utilitarianism. This is an interesting idea that we would like to pursue at another time. In the Subjection, also influenced by Taylor, Mill often appeals to justice in ways that seem to be uncharacteristic of utilitarianism. Fred Berger also discussed this point at some length in Happiness, Freedom, and Justice. Nevertheless, Mill moved some distance from Bentham and, in Chapter V of Utilitarianism, did account for justice in terms of utility. As he says, he is appealing to utility in the largest sense. Still, the question remains whether utilitarianism can justify absolute equality between the sexes in all circumstances-which is what justice would require. Mill, On Liberty, 121. Mill, Subjection, 1. Berger, 197. Mill, Subjection, 77. Mill, Subjection, 186. Mill, Subjection, 8. Mill, Subjection, 10-17; Taylor, 12-13. Mill, Subjection, 26. Mill, Subjection, 32. Mill, Subjection, 38. For Mill, the actual position of married women in his day resembled that of slaves in several ways: the economic and social system gave women little alternative to marriage; once married, the legal personality of women was subsumed in that of their husbands and the abuses of human dignity permitted by custom and law within the marriage were egregious. Mill, Subjection, 172. Mill, Subjection, 86. Goldstein, 319-34. We have referred to Harriet Taylor as the author of Enfranchisement of Women, although it was first published anonymously (see page iii, New Introduction in Mills Subjection, Virago Press). Although there is some uncertainty about who the author is, in the introduction to the Subjection Mill says it is Harriet Taylors work. However, we do not wish here to engage in a complicated debate about the extent of Taylors contribution of Mills work. Taylor, 19. Taylor, 39. Taylor, 40. Mill, Subjection, 1. Truman Rosshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13896355328513398399noreply@blogger.com0